Figure 5.

Ketogenic flux generated by α-ketoisocaproic acid in isolated mitochondria from the BCAA-supplemented mice. Schematic of ¹³C enrichment into β-hydroxybutyrate isotopomers and citrate from [¹³C₆] α-ketoisocaproic acid (A).¹³C incorporation into β-hydroxybutyrate isotopomers (M + 1, M + 2, M + 3, M + 4) from [¹³C₆] α-ketoisocaproic acid in 12-wk LF and LB diet fed mice (B). Concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate in the incubation media, produced by liver mitochondria, isolated from 12-wk LF and LB diet fed mice (C). ¹³C incorporation into mitochondrial citrate (M + 2) from [¹³C₆] α-ketoisocaproic acid, in 12-wk LF and LB diet fed mice (D). All the values are represented as means ± SE, with n = 8–10/group. Results are considered significant at P ≤ 0.05 following two-way ANOVA between LF-fed, LB-fed, LF-fast and LB-fast dietary groups, followed by pairwise mean comparisons represented by the following alphabets: “a”—LF-Fed vs. LB Fed; “d”—LB Fed vs. LB Fast. BCAA, branched-chain amino acid; HB, high-fat diet with BCAA; HF, high-fat diet; LB, low-fat diet with BCAA; LF, low-fat diet.