TABLE 5. Availability and distribution of IQ scores among children aged 8 years with autism spectrum disorder, by site, sex, and race and ethnicity — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 sites, United States, 2020.
| Site/Characteristic | Total no. with ASD | With IQ information |
Cognitive level |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | IQ ≤70 (%) | IQ 71–85 (%) | IQ >85* (%) | ||
|
Site
| |||||
| Arizona |
360
|
291 (80.8) |
30.9 |
29.2 |
39.9 |
| Arkansas |
362
|
330 (91.2) |
48.2 |
22.4 |
29.4 |
| California |
710
|
617 (86.9) |
21.7 |
26.9 |
51.4 |
| Georgia |
553
|
398 (72.0) |
46.2 |
23.6 |
30.2 |
| Maryland |
491
|
295 (60.1) |
46.8 |
21.0 |
32.2 |
| Minnesota |
482
|
414 (85.9) |
31.6 |
15.0 |
53.4 |
| Missouri |
601
|
364 (60.6) |
31.9 |
23.6 |
44.5 |
| New Jersey |
544
|
342 (62.9) |
38.9 |
30.4 |
30.7 |
| Tennessee |
713
|
478 (67.0) |
51.0 |
22.0 |
27.0 |
| Utah |
621
|
315 (50.7) |
29.2 |
25.4 |
45.4 |
| Wisconsin |
808
|
321 (39.7) |
48.9 |
19.3 |
31.8 |
|
Total
|
6,245
|
4,165 (66.7)
|
37.9
|
23.5
|
38.6
|
|
Sex
| |||||
| Female |
1,255
|
808 (64.4)† |
42.1§ |
21.2 |
36.8 |
| Male |
4,984
|
3,357 (67.3) |
36.9 |
24.1 |
39.0 |
|
Race/Ethnicity
¶,
**
| |||||
| AI/AN |
29
|
23 (79.3) |
34.8 |
39.1 |
26.1 |
| A/PI |
476
|
340 (71.4) |
41.5 |
21.8 |
36.8 |
| Black |
1,384
|
925 (66.8) |
50.8 |
25.1 |
24.1 |
| Hispanic |
1,331
|
916 (68.8) |
34.9 |
27.5 |
37.6 |
| White |
2,680
|
1,743 (65.0) |
31.8†† |
20.7 |
47.5 |
| Two or more races | 261 | 193 (73.9) | 37.8 | 24.9 | 37.3 |
Abbreviations: AI/AN = American Indian or Alaska Native; A/PI = Asian or Pacific Islander; ASD = autism spectrum disorder.
* Includes three children stated to have an IQ score in the average range but specific score was not given.
† Pearson chi-square test for proportion of males versus females with ASD and IQ information (p = 0.049).
§ Pearson chi-square test for proportion of males versus females with IQ ≤70 among children with ASD (p = 0.007).
¶ Statistically significant differences for Pearson chi-square tests for proportion of non-Hispanic Black versus non-Hispanic White children with IQ ≤70 among children with ASD (p<0.001); proportion of non-Hispanic Black versus Hispanic children with IQ ≤70 among children with ASD (p<0.001); proportion of non-Hispanic White versus non-Hispanic A/PI children with IQ ≤70 among children with ASD (p = 0.001); proportion of non-Hispanic Black versus non-Hispanic A/PI children with IQ ≤70 among children with ASD (p = 0.007).
** Persons of Hispanic origin might be of any race but are categorized as Hispanic; all racial groups are non-Hispanic.
†† Pearson chi-squared tests for proportion of non-Hispanic Black versus non-Hispanic White children with ASD and IQ information (p = 0.27); proportion of non–Hispanic Black versus Hispanic children with IQ information (p = 0.17); proportion of non-Hispanic White versus Hispanic children with IQ information (p = 0.03).