Fig. 1. Schematic flow of the acute neutrophilic asthma mouse model. The mice were sensitized with OVA on days 0 and 7. OVA was challenged intranasally on days 14, 15, 21, 22, and 23. Neutrophilic inflammation was induced by intranasal LPS which was administered on days 18, 21, and 23. Dexamethasone was intraperitoneally administered on days 14, 17, 20, and 23. Tiotropium bromide was inhaled on days 21, 22, and 23.

OVA = ovalbumin, LPS = lipopolysaccharides.