Table 1.
Summary of study characteristics
| Number of participants | Number of studies (n = 22) | Percentage of studies (%) |
|---|---|---|
| < 50 | 4 | 18 |
| 50–100 | 2 | 9 |
| 101–200 | 7 | 32 |
| > 200 | 9 | 41 |
| Country | ||
| Europe | 9 | 41 |
| North America | 8 | 36 |
| Other | 5 | 23 |
| Study design | ||
| RCT | 12 | 55 |
| Non-randomised study | 10 | 45 |
| Length of follow-up (months) | ||
| <6 | 5 | 23 |
| 6–12 | 14 | 64 |
| >12 | 3 | 14 |
| Control group | ||
| TAU/standard care | 12 | 55 |
| Other DHI | 3 | 14 |
| None | 7 | 32 |
| Economic outcome* | ||
| Health and social care utilisation | 18 | 82 |
| Cost | 7 | 32 |
| Care component | ||
| Medication | 8 | 36 |
| Hospital episode | 3 | 14 |
| Multiple items | 11 | 50 |
| DHI type | ||
| Self-management | 8 | 36 |
| Behaviour management | 8 | 36 |
| Other | 6 | 27 |