Table 3.
Evaluation of the echocardiographic parameters of lone aortic stenosis vs. aortic stenosis associated with cardiac amyloidosis.
| Study | Cavalcante et al. (5) | Scully et al. (6) | Rosenblum et al. (7) | Castaño et al. (10) | Nitsche et al. (32) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 113 | 109 | 204 | 151 | 191 |
| Population (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | 104 vs. 9 | 93 vs. 16 | 177 vs. 27 | 127 vs. 24 | 175 vs. 16 |
| Mitral annular S′ (cm/s) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | 4.8 ± 1.7 vs. 1.8 ± 0.5 (p .008) | 0.06 ± 0.01 vs. 0.05 ± 0.01 (p .08) | 6.3 ± 1.6 vs. 4.5 ± 1.4 (p < .001) | 6.6 ± 1.5 vs. 4.0 ± 1.1 (p < .0001) | NA |
| IVST (cm) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | 1.3 ± 0.3 vs. 2.9 ± 1.0 (p < .001) | 1.3 ± 0.2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.3 (p .002) | 1.2 ± 0.3 vs. 1.4 ± 0.4 (p .001) | 1.1 ± 0.2 vs. 1.3 ± 0.3 (p .007) | 1.5 vs. 1.55 (p .183) |
| AV mean gradient (mmHg) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | 31 ± 15 vs. 30 ± 14 (p 924) | 42 ± 14 vs. 38 ± 12 (p .36) | 41 ± 14 vs. 35 ± 13 (p .090) | 41.1 ± 13.8 vs. 35.2 ± 13.9 (p .060) | 47.5 vs. 35.0 (p .004) |
| AV Peak velocity (cm/s) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | NA | 4.12 ± 0.63 vs. 4.02 ± 0.62 (p .55) | 4.2 ± 0.7 vs 3.9 ± 0.7 (p .063) | 4.3 ± 0.7 vs. 4.0 ± 0.7 (p .078) | NA |
| E/e′ ratio (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | Septal 25 ± 18 vs. 33 ± 10 (p .281) Lateral 18 ± 11 vs. 19 ± 4 (p 942) |
Lateral 17 ± 8 vs. 21 ± 15 (p .28) | 19 ± 9 vs. 22 ± 9 (p .092) | 16 vs. 19 (p .075) | NA |
| E/A ratio (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | NA | 0.8 vs. 1.4 (p .07) | 1.4 ± 1.0 vs. 2.4 ± 1.5 (p < .001) | 0.90 vs. 2.30 (p .001) | NA |
| Deceleration time (m/s) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | NA | 234 ± 92 vs. 238 ± 80 (p .87) | 247 ± 83 vs. 196 ± 73 (p .003) | 257 vs. 176 (p < .0001) | 212 vs. 199 (p .161) |
| LV mass index (g/m2) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | NA | 113 ± 37 vs. 137 ± 31 (p .01) | 106 ± 31 vs. 136 ± 47 (p < .0001) | 97.9 ± 25.4 vs. 129.8 ± 43.6 (p .002) | 135.0 vs. 159.0 (p .016) |
| SVi (mL/m2) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | 37 ± 12 vs. 25 ± 7 (p .003) | 38 ± 12 vs. 35 ± 9 (p .29) | 35 ± 10 vs. 31 ± 11 (p .047) | 35.7 ± 9.6 vs. 29.9 ± 10.5 (p .009) | 46.6 vs. 27.4 (p < .001) |
| LAVi (mL/m2) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | 40 ± 15 vs. 51 ± 13 (p .037) | NA | 51 ± 20 vs. 54 ± 15 (p .281) | 49.2 ± 17.2 vs. 55.5 ± 15.8 (p .108) | NA |
| LA dimension (cm) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | NA | 4.0 ± 0.7 vs. 4.4 ± 0.6 (p .08) | 4.4 ± 0.7 vs. 4.8 ± 0.7 (p .005) | 4.4 ± 0.7 vs 5.0 ± 0.7 (p .002) | 61.0 vs. 64.0 (p .215) |
| AVA (cm2) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | 0.5 ± 0.2 vs. 0.4 ± 0.2 (p .047) indexed |
0.71 ± 0.23 vs. 0.72 ± 0.21 (p .92) | 0.76 ± 0.23 vs. 0.80 ± 0.15 (p .391) | 0.77 ± 0.19 vs. 0.80 ± 0.16 (p .358) | 0.6 vs. 0.6 (p .669) |
| GLS (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | NA | −15 ± 7 vs. −16 ± 6 (p .62) | NA | −15.7 ± 4.3 vs. −12.4 ± 5.2 (p .007) | −16.9 vs. −13.8 (p .72) |
| MCF (%) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | NA | 24.5 ± 8.4 vs. 19.4 ± 7.2 (p .002) | 37 ± 15 vs. 25 ± 11 (p < .001) | 41.0 ± 15.5 vs. 26.4 ± 10.1 (p < .0001) | 21.9 vs. 15.1 (p .001) |
| LVEF (%) (lone AS vs. AS/ATTRwt-CA) | NA | 54 ± 10 vs. 58 ± 170 (p .18) | 55 ± 15 vs. 48 ± 17 (p .026) | 56.1 ± 14.1 vs. 47.6 ± 17.6 (p .011) | 62.0 vs. 62.0 (p .576) |
AV, aortic valve; GLS, global longitudinal strain; IVST, interventricular septal thickness; LV, left ventricular; SVi, left ventricular stroke volume index; MCF, myocardial contraction fraction; LAVi, left atrial volume index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LAVi, left atrial volume index; LA, left atrial; AVA, aortic valve area; NA, not available.