Table 5. Estimate of the Marginal Effect of Plan Type on the Utilization of Diagnostic Breast Services For Patients Undergoing Subsequent Testing Relative to Plan Type With Lowest Out-of-Pocket Cost (ie, Dominantly Coinsurance)a.
| Plan type and outcomes | Estimate (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Any subsequent breast image | ||
| Balanced | −0.007 (−0.02 to 0.01) | .35 |
| Dominantly copay | −0.024 (−0.04 to −0.01) | <.001 |
| Dominantly deductible | −0.016 (−0.03 to −0.01) | .01 |
| Diagnostic mammogram | ||
| Balanced | −0.001 (−0.01 to 0.01) | .75 |
| Dominantly copay | −0.011 (−0.02 to −0.00) | .02 |
| Dominantly deductible | −0.008 (−0.02 to −0.00) | .04 |
| Breast ultrasound | ||
| Balanced | −0.000 (−0.01 to 0.01) | .94 |
| Dominantly copay | −0.009 (−0.02 to −0.00) | .03 |
| Dominantly deductible | −0.005 (−0.01 to 0.00) | .23 |
| Breast MRI | ||
| Balanced | −0.005 (−0.01 to −0.00) | <.001 |
| Dominantly copay | −0.006 (−0.01 to −0.00) | <.001 |
| Dominantly deductible | −0.006 (−0.01 to −0.00) | <.001 |
| Breast biopsy | ||
| Balanced | −0.009 (−0.02 to −0.00) | .05 |
| Dominantly copay | −0.000 (−0.011 to −0.010) | .94 |
| Dominantly deductible | −0.005 (−0.01 to 0.00) | .29 |
Abbreviation: MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.
a
Estimates adjusted for patient age, race and ethnicity, prospective Charlson Comorbidity Index, and state of domicile.