Table 3.
Mean scores of healthcare professionals’ understanding regarding the role and attitude of clinical pharmacists, as well as the competencies of clinical pharmacists
| Characteristic | No. Respondents, n (%) | Role and attitude of a Clinical Pharmacist Mean (SD) |
Competencies of a Clinical Pharmacist Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total sample | 188 | ||
| Gender (n = 188) | |||
| • Female | 120 (63.8%) | 1.85 (0.799) | 1.87 (0.615) |
| • Male | 68 (36.2%) | 1.88 (0.694) | 2.02 (0.511) |
| Age (n = 188) | |||
| • < 40 years | 107 (56.9%) | 1.79 (0.689) | 1.87 (0.527) |
| • ≥ 40 years | 81 (43.1%) | 1.95 (0.844) | 2.00 (0.645) |
| Years of Work Experience (n = 188) | |||
| • < 20 years | 102 (54.3%) | 1.86 (0.680) | 1.92 (0.552) |
| • ≥ 20 years | 86 (45.7%) | 1.86 (0.852) | 1.92 (0.620) |
| Previous Experience Working with a Clinical Pharmacist (n = 161) | |||
| • Yes | 61 (37.9%) | 1.87 (0.858) | 1.76 (0.603) |
| • No | 100 (62.1%) | 1.99 (0.711) | 2.01 (0.588) |
| HCP Group (n = 188) | |||
| • Doctors | 85 (45.2%) | 2.01a (0.823) | 2.00 (0.568) |
| • Nurses | 76 (40.4%) | 1.88a,c (0.705) | 1.82 (0.632) |
| • Pharmacists | 19 (10.1%) | 1.45b,c (0.487) | 1.99 (0.478) |
| • Clinical Pharmacists | 8 (4.3%) | 1.09b (0.125) | 1.93 (0.374) |
| Unit/Department (n = 188) | |||
| • Surgical | 73 (38.8%) | 1.91a (0.817) | 1.91 (0.632) |
| • Non-Surgical | 88 (46.8) | 1.98a,c (0.732) | 1.92 (0.583) |
| • Pharmacy | 19 (10.1%) | 1.45a,b (0.487) | 1.99 (0.478) |
| • Clinical Pharmacy | 8 (4.3%) | 1.09b (0.125) | 1.93 (0.374) |
Mean scores are based on a 5-point Likert scale, on which 1 represented strongly agree and 5 represented strongly disagree.
*p < 0.05.
The means with different subscripts are significantly different from each other, i.e. a mean with subscript “a” is significantly different from a mean with subscript “b” or “c”.