Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Mar 7;29(9):1395–1426. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i9.1395

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

PMC Copyright notice

Mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapy and strategies to overcome resistance in colorectal cancer. A: Resistance mechanisms; B: Strategies to overcome resistance. EGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor; HER2: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; MEK: Mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase; MAP2K1: Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; PI3KCA: Phosphoinositide 3-kinases catalytic subunit alpha; MAP2K1: Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1; HGF: Hepatocyte growth factor; MET: Mesenchymal epithelial transition; ERBB2: Erb-B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2; TME: Tumor microenvironment; FGF: Fibroblast growth factor; PDGF: Platelet-derived growth factor; PD-1: Programmed death-1; PD-L1: Programmed death ligand-1; CTLA-4: cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4.