Table 2.
Agents targeting vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor under clinical investigation for the treatment of drug-resistant and metastatic colorectal cancer
|
Agent
|
Targeted molecule
|
Condition
|
Study phase
|
Clinical trial identifier
|
| Vanucizumab | VEGF-A/angiopoietin-2 | mCRC | Phase II | NCT02141295 |
| Sorafenib | VEGFR | mCRC | Phase II | NCT03251612 |
| Previously treated mCRC | Phase II | NCT01471353 | ||
| mCRC | Phase II | NCT00826540 | ||
| KRAS-mutated mCRC | Phase II | NCT01715441 | ||
| Bevacizumab | VEGF | Untreated mCRC | Phase II | NCT02141295 |
| Advanced CRC | Phase II | NCT02487992 | ||
| Linifanib ABT-869 | VEGFR | Advanced CRC | Phase II | NCT00707889 |
| Vatalanib | VEGFR | mCRC | Phase III | NCT00056446 |
| mCRC | Phase III | NCT00056459 | ||
| Famitinib | VEGFR2/3 | Advanced CRC | Phase II | NCT01762293 |
| Cediranib | VEGFR2 | First-line mCRC | Phase III | NCT00399035 |
| Semaxanib | VEGFR | mCRC | Phase III | NCT00004252 |
| Advanced CRC | Phase I/II | NCT00005818 | ||
| Nintedanib | VEGFR | Refractory mCRC | Phase III | NCT02149108 |
| Ramucirumab | VEGFR2 | Chemotherapy refractory mCRC | Phase III | NCT03520946 |
| Apatinib | VEGFR2 | Refractory CRC | Phase II | NCT03190616 |
| mCRC | NA | NCT03743428 | ||
| End-stage CRC | Phase II | NCT02829385 | ||
| Brivanib | VEGFR2 | KRAS-wild-type mCRC | Phase III | NCT00640471 |
| Regorafenib | VEGFR1/2/3 | Later-lines treatment of mCRC | Phase III | NCT05328908 |
| mCRC | Phase III | NCT05425940 | ||
| Surufatinib | VEGFR1/2/3 | Advanced CRC | Phase II | NCT05372198 |
| Lenvatinib | VEGFR1/2/3 | mCRC | Phase III | NCT04776148 |
| Fruquitinib | VEGFR tyrosine kinase | Non-MSI-H/dMMR mCRC | Phase II | NCT04866862 |
| Vandetanib | VEGF/VEGFR | mCRC | Phase I | NCT00532090 |
| mCRC | Phase II | NCT00500292 | ||
| Advanced CRC | Phase I | NCT00496509 |
VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; mCRC: Metastatic colorectal cancer; MSI: Microsatellite instability; dMMR: mismatch repair deficient.