. 2023 Mar 13;13(3):253. doi: 10.3390/bs13030253

Table 3.

Attachment, Trauma, Personality: Marginal Means, Significance, and Effect Size.

	Females				Males
	BPD	CG	F(df)	p	Partner BPD	Partner CG	F(df)	p
	(M/SE)	(M/SE)	ES (95% CI)	p	(M/SE)	(M/SE)	ES (95% CI)	p
Attachment Styles
Anxiety	82.86 (3.94)	35.57 (3.94)	72.14 (26.1)	<0.001	53.36 (5.27)	38.83 (5.04)	3.97 (21,1)	≤0.05
Anxiety	82.86 (3.94)	35.57 (3.94)	3.1 (1.97–4.21)	<0.001	53.36 (5.27)	38.83 (5.04)	0.8 (0.05–1.65)	≤0.05
Avoidance	47.57 (3.89)	27.14 (3.94)	13.81 (26.1)	<0.001	44.55 (3.77)	32.25 (3.61)	5.54 (21,1)	<0.05
Avoidance	47.57 (3.89)	27.14 (3.94)	1.4 (0.53–2.18)	<0.001	44.55 (3.77)	32.25 (3.61)	0.9 (0.07–1.80)	<0.05
Childhood Maltreatment
Overall CM Load	104.63 (2.60)	86.43 (2.60)	24.46 (26.1)	<0.001	96.36 (2.10)	88.58 (2.01)	7.15 (21,1)	≤0.01
Overall CM Load	104.63 (2.60)	86.43 (2.60)	1.8 (0.91–2.69)	<0.001	96.36 (2.10)	88.58 (2.01)	1.0 (0.17–1.93)	≤0.01
Emotional abuse	21.64 (0.73)	15.57 (0.73)	34.63 (26.1)	<0.001	19.00 (0.76)	17.17 (0.73)	3.05 (21,1)	0.09
Emotional abuse	21.64 (0.73)	15.57 (0.73)	2.1 (1.20–3.09)	<0.001	19.00 (0.76)	17.17 (0.73)	0.7 (0.16–1.53)	0.09
Physical abuse	18.43 (0.69)	15.14 (0.69)	11.43 (26.1)	<0.01	16.55 (0.50)	15.58 (0.48)	1.92 (21,1)	0.18
Physical abuse	18.43 (0.69)	15.14 (0.69)	1.2 (0.42–20.4)	<0.01	16.55 (0.50)	15.58 (0.48)	0.5 (0.29–1.38)	0.18
Sexual abuse	18.79 (0.94)	14.79 (0.94)	9.15 (26.1)	<0.01	16.46 (0.87)	14.17 (0.84)	3.59 (21,1)	0.07
Sexual abuse	18.79 (0.94)	14.79 (0.94)	1.1 (0.30–1.90)	<0.01	16.46 (0.87)	14.17 (0.84)	0.8 (0.09–1.61)	0.07
Emotional neglect	8.21 (0.58)	5.07 (0.58)	14.53 (26.1)	<0.001	6.09 (0.44)	5.58 (0.43)	0.68 (21,1)	0.42
Emotional neglect	8.21 (0.58)	5.07 (0.58)	1.4 (0.56–2.22)	<0.001	6.09 (0.44)	5.58 (0.43)	0.3 (−0.5–1.15)	0.42
Physical neglect	12.71 (0.47)	11.50 (0.47)	3.35 (26.1)	0.079	13.00 (0.43)	11.50 (0.41)	6.31 (21,1)	<0.05
Physical neglect	12.71 (0.47)	11.50 (0.47)	0.7 (0.10–1.43)	0.079	13.00 (0.43)	11.50 (0.41)	1.0 (0.12–1.86)	<0.05
Experience of inconsistency	13.21 (0.41)	9.71 (0.41)	35.72 (26,1)	<0.001	12.00 (0.54)	10.17 (0.52)	6.02 (21,1)	<0.05
Experience of inconsistency	13.21 (0.41)	9.71 (0.41)	2.2 (1.23–3.12)	<0.001	12.00 (0.54)	10.17 (0.52)	1.0 (0.10–1.83)	<0.05
Personality Traits
Neuroticism	3.14 (0.18)	1.40 (0.14)	60.63 (20.1)	<0.001	1.68 (0.19)	1.03 (0.18)	6.02 (21,1)	<0.05
Neuroticism	3.14 (0.18)	1.40 (0.14)	3.4 (2.01–4.72)	<0.001	1.68 (0.19)	1.03 (0.18)	1.0 (0.10–1.84)	<0.05
Extraversion	1.47 (0.13)	2.70 (0.10)	55.87 (20.1)	<0.001	2.06 (0.17)	2.49 (0.16)	3.31 (21,1)	0.08
Extraversion	1.47 (0.13)	2.70 (0.10)	2.9 (1.62–4.10)	<0.001	2.06 (0.17)	2.49 (0.16)	0.7 (0.12–1.57)	0.08
Openness	2.67 (0.18)	2.29 (0.14)	2.76 (20.1)	0.113	3.02 (0.14)	2.27 (0.14)	14.51 (21,1)	<0.001
Openness	2.67 (0.18)	2.29 (0.14)	0.7 (0.19–1.60)	0.113	3.02 (0.14)	2.27 (0.14)	1.5 (0.57–2.44)	<0.001
Conscientiousness	2.37 (0.20)	2.95 (0.15)	5.81 (20.1)	<0.05	2.36 (0.17)	2.76 (0.16)	2.93 (21,1)	0.1
Conscientiousness	2.37 (0.20)	2.95 (0.15)	1.0 (0.07–1.92)	<0.05	2.36 (0.17)	2.76 (0.16)	0.7 (0.16–1.53)	0.1
Agreeableness	2.43 (0.20)	2.95 (0.15)	4.53 (20.1)	<0.05	2.42 (0.15)	2.53 (0.15)	0.27 (21,1)	0.61
Agreeableness	2.43 (0.20)	2.95 (0.15)	0.9 (0.06–1.76)	<0.05	2.42 (0.15)	2.53 (0.15)	0.2 (−0.63–1.01)	0.61

Note: BPD = Borderline personality disorder; CG = Control group; M = Mean; SE = Standard Error; ES = Effect size based on Cohen´s d; CI = Confidence Interval; CM = Childhood Maltreatment.