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. 2023 Mar 21;12(3):766. doi: 10.3390/antiox12030766

Figure 2.

Figure 2

PBM enhances Nrf2-pathway activation in DNCB-stimulated KCs. KCs were treated with vehicle (DMSO 0.1%) or DNCB (25 µM) and illuminated with either wavelength: 660 nm (red light) or 520 nm (green light). (A) Nrf2 accumulation was assessed by Western blot 3 h after illumination. Histograms correspond to densitometric analysis relative to controls and are adjusted to the stain-free blot. (B) ELISA-based measurement of DNA-binding activity for activated Nrf2 in the nuclear extract, 4 h after KCs treatment. (C) Nrf2 target antioxidant gene expression: HO-1, GCLC, and NQO1, were assessed by RT-qPCR, 3 h or 6 h after light treatment. Data represent mean ± SEM of at least five independent experiments. Two-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test, * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001 vs. the relative untreated control at 3 h or 6 h; $ p < 0.05; $$ p < 0.01; $$$ p < 0.001 vs. DNCB at 3 h.