Table 2.

Mixed-effects model results for APOE genetic status and CR in relationship to cognitive trajectories (N=1819)

	Global factor score			Memory factor score			Executive function factor score
	Estimate (95% CI)	p-value	Effect size	Estimate (95% CI)	p-value	Effect size	Estimate (95% CI)	p-value	Effect size
Time	− 0.002 (− 0.017, 0.013)	0.76	-	0.028 (0.009, 0.047)	0.004 **	-	− 0.023 (− 0.039, − 0.008)	0.003 **	-
Time2	− 0.004 (− 0.004, − 0.004)	< 0.001 ***	-	− 0.003 (− 0.003, − 0.002)	< 0.001 ***	-	− 0.004 (− 0.005, − 0.004)	< 0.001 ***	-
CR index	0.381 (0.330, 0.432)	< 0.001 ***	0.43	0.327 (0.268, 0.386)	< 0.001 ***	0.38	0.356 (0.300, 0.411)	< 0.001 ***	0.42
APOE-ε2	− 0.015 (− 0.117, 0.087)	0.77	0.02	− 0.029 (− 0.146, 0.088)	0.63	0.03	− 0.039 (− 0.150, 0.072)	0.49	0.05
APOE-ε4	− 0.012 (− 0.085, 0.061)	0.74	0.01	− 0.002 (− 0.085, 0.081)	0.96	0.00	− 0.028 (− 0.107, 0.050)	0.48	0.03
CR index × time	0.002 (− 0.005, 0.009)	0.53	0.03	0.003 (− 0.004, 0.011)	0.39	0.05	− 0.001 (− 0.007, 0.005)	0.83	0.01
APOE-ε2 × time	0.005 (− 0.008, 0.018)	0.46	0.07	0.003 (− 0.012, 0.017)	0.71	0.04	0.004 (− 0.007, 0.016)	0.47	0.07
APOE-ε4 × time	− 0.022 (− 0.031, − 0.012)	< 0.001 ***	0.30	− 0.024 (− 0.035, − 0.014)	< 0.001 ***	0.33	− 0.014 (− 0.023, − 0.006)	< 0.001 ***	0.24
CR index × APOE-ε2	− 0.007 (− 0.136, 0.123)	0.92	0.01	0.012 (− 0.136, 0.159)	0.88	0.01	− 0.020 (− 0.160, 0.120)	0.78	0.02
CR index × APOE-ε4	− 0.096 (− 0.185, − 0.008)	0.03 *	0.11	− 0.052 (− 0.153, 0.049)	0.31	0.06	− 0.086 (− 0.182, 0.009)	0.08	0.10
CR index × APOE-ε2 × time	0.008 (− 0.008, 0.024)	0.33	0.11	0.011 (− 0.007, 0.030)	0.22	0.16	0.008 (− 0.007, 0.022)	0.30	0.12
CR index × APOE-ε4 × time	0.012 (0.000, 0.023)	0.04 *	0.16	0.016 (0.003, 0.029)	0.01 *	0.22	0.007 (− 0.003, 0.017)	0.16	0.12

Separate models were estimated for the global, episodic memory, and executive function factor scores. Results of the full models including the 3-way interaction terms are shown; the patterns of results shown were the same when non-significant 3-way interaction terms were excluded. Models were additionally adjusted for baseline age, sex and cohort (ACS, AIBL, BIOCARD, BLSA, WRAP), and their interactions with time. ***p < 0.001; **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05. In all models, the coefficients for time reflect the starting trend of the trajectories (time = 0) whereas the coefficients for time² reflect the change in trend over time