(A,B) These figures show the Kaplan–Meier survival curves for F98 glioma-bearing rats after neutron irradiation. Survival times (days) after implantation of F98 glioma cells are plotted. Six groups were created; untreated, neutron only, BNCT using boronophenylalanine (BPA) 2.5 h, BNCT using BPA 8 h, BNCT using cyclic RGD-functionalized closo-dodecaborate albumin conjugates with maleimide (cRGD-MID-AC) 2.5 h, and BNCT using cRGD-MID-AC 8 h. (A) Kaplan–Meier survival curves for untreated, neutron only, BNCT using BPA 2.5 h, and BNCT using cRGD-MID-AC 2.5 h. (B) Kaplan–Meier survival curves for untreated, neutron only, BNCT using BPA 8 h, and BNCT using cRGD-MID-AC 8 h. In the case of BNCT using cRGD-MID-AC 8 h, one F98 glioma-bearing rat survived for a long time: 90 days after the F98 glioma cell implantation, when the other animals had died or were euthanized. (C) Boron concentrations of tumor and brain (normal brain) at 2.5 h after intravenous administration of BPA or cRGD-MID-AC are shown. (D) Boron concentrations of tumor and brain (normal brain) at 8 h after intravenous administration of BPA or cRGD-MID-AC are shown. All the error bars indicate standard deviation (SD).