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. 2023 Mar 15;13(3):387. doi: 10.3390/bios13030387

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Schematic illustration of different types of fabrication processes for μPADs: (1) laser printing method (reprinted with permission from [41]; copyright 2019, Springer Nature); (2) wax printing method (reprinted with permission from [76]; copyright 2010, American Chemical Society); (3) photolithography method (reprinted with permission from [77]; copyright 2009, American Chemical Society); (4) three-dimensional origami method (reprinted with permission from [66]; copyright 2011, American Chemical Society); and (5) inkjet printing method (reprinted with permission from [36]; copyright 2008, American Chemical Society).