Figure 5.
(1) Three-dimensional vertical flow paper-based microfluidic assay (reprinted with permission from [106]; copyright 2020, Elsevier); (2) miRNA detection by laser-induced fluorescence μPAD (A) The process of μPAD fabrication. (B) The process of fluorescence amplification for miRNA on μPAD. (reprinted with permission from [107]; copyright 2020, Elsevier).