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. 2023 Mar 13;13(3):376. doi: 10.3390/bios13030376

Figure 3.

Figure 3

(A) (i) Conjugation of CAP with gold nanoparticle (GNP) via a thiol-antihomovanillic acid (HVA) linker. (ii) Schematic diagram of CAP fluorescence emission and CAP-GNP fluorescence enhancement emission. (iii) Schematic diagram of the CAP fluorescence enhancement after GNP conjugation [54]. (B) (i) Fluorophore fluctuation in an evanescent field layer after conjugation of GNI with CAP. (ii) Fluctuation-based observation of fluorophore position with regard to proximity of GNI. Numbers 1, 2, and 3 imply fluorescence enhancement, quenching, and equilibrium with regard to the distance between CAP and GNI [55]. Reprinted with permission from [54,55].