Table 3.

Classification performances of the 10-fold machine learning classifiers on features extracted from each of the five pre-trained deep models.

Feature Extractor	Classifier	Accuracy	Sensitivity	Specificity	Precision	F1-Score
AlexNet	NB	${\displaystyle 0.8053\pm 0.0029}$	${\displaystyle 0.8936\pm 0.004}$	${\displaystyle 0.6694\pm 0.0054}$	${\displaystyle 0.8062\pm 0.0025}$	${\displaystyle 0.8476\pm 0.0024}$
	SVM	${\displaystyle 0.7835\pm 0.0058}$	${\displaystyle 0.8944\pm 0.0056}$	${\displaystyle 0.6128\pm 0.0122}$	${\displaystyle 0.7805\pm 0.0055}$	${\displaystyle 0.8335\pm 0.0043}$
	LDA	${\displaystyle 0.7987\pm 0.0037}$	${\displaystyle 0.9307\pm 0.0027}$	${\displaystyle 0.5957\pm 0.0078}$	${\displaystyle 0.7799\pm 0.0034}$	${\displaystyle 0.8486\pm 0.0026}$
	DT	${\displaystyle 0.7373\pm 0.0113}$	${\displaystyle 0.8043\pm 0.0120}$	${\displaystyle 0.6342\pm 0.0231}$	${\displaystyle 0.7724\pm 0.0114}$	${\displaystyle 0.7877\pm 0.0089}$
GoogleNet	NB	${\displaystyle 0.7642\pm 0.0049}$	${\displaystyle 0.8674\pm 0.0058}$	${\displaystyle 0.6054\pm 0.0085}$	${\displaystyle 0.7718\pm 0.0040}$	${\displaystyle 0.8168\pm 0.0039}$
	SVM	${\displaystyle 0.7661\pm 0.0053}$	${\displaystyle 0.8921\pm 0.0068}$	${\displaystyle 0.5722\pm 0.0084}$	${\displaystyle 0.7624\pm 0.0038}$	${\displaystyle 0.8221\pm 0.0043}$
	LDA	${\displaystyle 0.7899\pm 0.0036}$	${\displaystyle 0.9368\pm 0.0038}$	${\displaystyle 0.5640\pm 0.0061}$	${\displaystyle 0.7678\pm 0.0027}$	${\displaystyle 0.8439\pm 0.0027}$
	DT	${\displaystyle 0.7562\pm 0.0136}$	${\displaystyle 0.8056\pm 0.0167}$	${\displaystyle 0.6803\pm 0.0231}$	${\displaystyle 0.7954\pm 0.0123}$	${\displaystyle 0.8001\pm 0.0116}$
InceptionV3	NB	${\displaystyle 0.7988\pm 0.0031}$	${\displaystyle 0.9016\pm 0.0042}$	${\displaystyle 0.6406\pm 0.0052}$	${\displaystyle 0.7942\pm 0.0024}$	${\displaystyle 0.8445\pm 0.0025}$
	SVM	${\displaystyle 0.7740\pm 0.0042}$	${\displaystyle 0.9036\pm 0.0041}$	${\displaystyle 0.5746\pm 0.0080}$	${\displaystyle 0.7657\pm 0.0036}$	${\displaystyle 0.8290\pm 0.0031}$
	LDA	${\displaystyle 0.7935\pm 0.0012}$	${\displaystyle 0.9096\pm 0.0010}$	${\displaystyle 0.6148\pm 0.0019}$	${\displaystyle 0.7841\pm 0.0009}$	${\displaystyle 0.8422\pm 0.0009}$
	DT	${\displaystyle 0.7295\pm 0.0127}$	${\displaystyle 0.7690\pm 0.0155}$	${\displaystyle 0.6686\pm 0.0211}$	${\displaystyle 0.7816\pm 0.0114}$	${\displaystyle 0.7749\pm 0.0110}$
ResNet50	NB	${\displaystyle 0.8248\pm 0.0039}$	${\displaystyle 0.9290\pm 0.0045}$	${\displaystyle 0.6646\pm 0.0073}$	${\displaystyle 0.8100\pm 0.0034}$	${\displaystyle 0.8654\pm 0.0030}$
	SVM	${\displaystyle 0.7771\pm 0.0051}$	${\displaystyle 0.9092\pm 0.0065}$	${\displaystyle 0.5738\pm 0.0081}$	${\displaystyle 0.7665\pm 0.0036}$	${\displaystyle 0.8317\pm 0.0040}$
	LDA	${\displaystyle 0.7862\pm 0.0028}$	${\displaystyle 0.9224\pm 0.0043}$	${\displaystyle 0.5766\pm 0.0056}$	${\displaystyle 0.7702\pm 0.0022}$	${\displaystyle 0.8395\pm 0.0022}$
	DT	${\displaystyle 0.8079\pm 0.0111}$	${\displaystyle 0.8418\pm 0.0135}$	${\displaystyle 0.7558\pm 0.0256}$	${\displaystyle 0.8424\pm 0.0135}$	${\displaystyle 0.8416\pm 0.0089}$
XceptionNet	NB	${\displaystyle 0.8395\pm 0.0035}$	${\displaystyle 0.8866\pm 0.0048}$	${\displaystyle 0.7671\pm 0.0058}$	${\displaystyle 0.8542\pm 0.0031}$	${\displaystyle 0.8701\pm 0.0030}$
	SVM	${\displaystyle 0.8322\pm 0.0047}$	${\displaystyle 0.9614\pm 0.0034}$	${\displaystyle 0.6335\pm 0.0100}$	${\displaystyle 0.8015\pm 0.0045}$	${\displaystyle 0.8742\pm 0.0033}$
	LDA	${\displaystyle 0.8607\pm 0.0038}$	${\displaystyle 0.9675\pm 0.0027}$	${\displaystyle 0.6965\pm 0.0094}$	${\displaystyle 0.8307\pm 0.0042}$	${\displaystyle 0.8939\pm 0.0026}$
	DT	${\displaystyle 0.8145\pm 0.0099}$	${\displaystyle 0.8453\pm 0.0134}$	${\displaystyle 0.7672\pm 0.0173}$	${\displaystyle 0.8486\pm 0.0095}$	${\displaystyle 0.8466\pm 0.0086}$