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. 2023 Mar 21;13(3):521. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13030521

Table 4.

Representative examples of OSE and CSE. Adapted from Heilmann et al. [49].

OSE CSE
Category 4
  • -

    Tennis

  • -

    Table tennis

  • -

    Badminton

  • -

    Basketball

  • -

    Volleyball/Beach volleyball

  • -

    Soccer

  • -

    Handball

  • -

    American football

  • -

    Wushu

  • -

    Martial arts

  • -

    Fencing

  • -

    Korfball

  • -

    Hockey

  • -

    Baseball


Category 3
  • -

    Sailing

  • -

    Canoe slalom

 Category 2
  • -

    Athletics

  • -

    Cross-country skiing


Category 1
  • -

    Swimming

  • -

    Running

  • -

    Triathlon

  • -

    Cycling

  • -

    Gymnastics

  • -

    Archery

  • -

    Shooting

  • -

    Brisk walking

  • -

    Track bike

Abbreviations: CSE, closed-skill exercise; OSE, open-skill exercise.