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Schematic diagram of synthesis and processing of miRNAs. The gene of the miRNA is transcribed into a pri-miRNA under the mediation of RNA polymerase II/III and then cut into the pri-miRNA by DROSHA; subsequently, the pre-miRNA is transported by exportin-5 into the cytoplasm and cleaved by the endonuclease DICER; then, under the action of helicase, two single strands are formed, one of which forms RISC with AGO, and the other is degraded.
