Table 1.
Expression of miRNAs as biomarkers in DIC.
| miRNA | Source | Species | Change | Cardiotoxicity Assessment | Compared with Traditional Biomarkers | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-1 | Mice | Heart tissue/serum | Up | Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) | Overmatch | [108] |
| Rats | Serum | Up | cTnI, cTnT | Overmatch | [109] | |
| Cell strain | hPSC-CM | Up | N/A | N/A | [110] | |
| Human | Plasma | Up | cTnT | Overmatch | [111] | |
| Human | Plasma | Up | cTnI, LVEF | Overmatch | [112] | |
| Human | Plasma | Up | GLS, cTnT | N/A | [110] | |
| Human | Plasma | Unclear | LVEF | N/A | [113] | |
| let-7 | Rats | Plasma | Down | Heartrate, Pulse pressure, cTnT | N/A | [118] |
| Cell | Cardiomyocyte | Down | N/A | N/A | [118] | |
| Cell strain | H9c2 cell | Down | N/A | N/A | [119] | |
| Rats | Heart tissue | Down | N/A | N/A | [120] | |
| Human | Plasma | Down | LVEF | N/A | [113] | |
| miR-21 | Mice | Heart tissue/serum | Up | LDH | Overmatch | [108] |
| Mice | Cardiomyocyte | Up | LVEF, LDH | N/A | [126] | |
| miR-29b | Rat | Heart tissue | Down | LVEF | N/A | [153] |
| miR-34a-5p | Mice | Plasma | Up | cTnT | N/A | [130] |
| Mice | Heart tissue/plasma | Up | LVEF | N/A | [131] | |
| Cell strain | HL-1 | Up | N/A | N/A | [131] | |
| Mice | Plasma | Up | N/A | N/A | [132] | |
| Mice | Plasma | Up | N/A | N/A | [132] | |
| Cell strain | H9c2 cell | Up | N/A | N/A | [136] | |
| miR-34b-3p | Cell strain | HL-1 | Up | N/A | N/A | [131] |
| miR-34c-5p | Cell strain | HL-1 | Up | N/A | N/A | [131] |
| miR-34a | Mice | Heart tissue/plasma | Up | cTnT | Overmatch | [134] |
| Human | Plasma | Up | cTn, LVEF | Overmatch | [137] | |
| Cell strain | hES-CM | Up | N/A | N/A | [133] | |
| miR-34b | Cell strain | hES-CM | Up | N/A | N/A | [133] |
| Cell strain | HL-I | Up | N/A | N/A | [135] | |
| Cell strain | HL-I | Up | N/A | N/A | [135] | |
| miR-130a | Human | Plasma | Up | LVEF, cTnI, NT-pro BNP | N/A | [154] |
| miR-133b | Cell strain | HL-1 | Down | N/A | N/A | [141] |
| miR-140-5p | Rat/mice | Heart tissue/plasma | Up | N/A | N/A | [144] |
| Cell strain | H9c2 | Up | N/A | N/A | [144] | |
| miR-140 | Rat | Cardiomyocyte | Up | N/A | N/A | [147] |
| miR-181c | Mice | Heart tissue | Down | N/A | N/A | [155] |
| miR-182-5p | Cell strain | hiPSC-CM | Down | LDH | N/A | [156] |
| miR-187-3p | Cell strain | hiPSC-CM | Down | LDH | N/A | [156] |
| miR-194-5p | Cell strain | H9c2 | Up | N/A | N/A | [157] |
| miR-199a-3p | Cell strain | hPSC-CM | Down | N/A | N/A | [158] |
| miR-204 | Cell strain | H9c2 | Down | cTnI, CK-MB, LDH | N/A | [159] |
| miR-208a | Rat | Heart tissue | Down | N/A | N/A | [120] |
| miR-208b | Rat | Heart tissue | Up | N/A | N/A | [149] |
| miR-208 | Mice | Plasma | Up | cTnI, cTnT | N/A | [109] |
| miR-499 | Cell strain | hPSC-CM | Down | N/A | N/A | [110] |
| Mice | Cardiomyocyte | Down | LVEF | N/A | [152] | |
| Cell strain | H9c2 cell | Down | N/A | N/A | [152] | |
| miR-532-3p | Rat/mice | Cardiomyocyte | Up | N/A | N/A | [160] |