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. 2023 Mar 22;15(6):1897. doi: 10.3390/cancers15061897

Table 2.

Enhanced DNA repair efficiency in connection to CSC chemo/radioresistance mechanisms.

DDR Pathway Mechanism DNA Damaging Agent(s) CSCs References
HR Increased RAD50 (MRN) expression Mitomycin BCSCs (tumoursphere) [139]
HR
RS response
ATR-CHK1 axis IR, hydroxyurea BCSCs (ALDH1+) [140]
HR
RS response
BMI1-RAD51 axis Cisplatin BCSCs (ALDH1+) [141]
HR
ICL repair MMR
Reduced intracellular [cisplatin]; increased gene expression (PMS2, ERCC1, MLH1, MSH2) Cisplatin Lung CSCs (chemoresistant cell line) [143]
DSB repair Enhanced CHK1 activation Etoposide, docetaxel Prostate CSCs (tumoursphere) [144]
SSB repair
DSB repair
Enhanced CHK1/2 activation IR GSCs (CD133+) [145,146]
RS response ATR-CHK1 axis; constitutive RS IR GSCs (CD133+) [147]
HR SPT6-mediated HR IR GSCs (CD133+) [148]