AB	adaptive boosting
ABC	artificial bee colony
AI	artificial intelligence
ANFIS	adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system
ANN	artificial neural network
BN	Bayesian network
BNN	Bayesian neural network
BNPK	Bayesian network model fusing prior knowledge
BP-ANN	back propagation artificial neural network
BPNN	back propagation neural network
BayesR	Bayesian mixture model
CGBN	conditional Gaussian Bayesian network
CNN	convolutional neural network
CS	cuckoo search
CVS	computer vision system
DAL_CL	deep attention layer-based convolutional learning
DCNN	deep convolutional neural network
DE	differential evolution
DNN	deep neural network
DNN-MCP	MCP regularization for sparse deep neural network
DR	dimensionality reduction
DS	data science
DT	decision tree
FFM	feature fusion module
ELM	extreme learning machine
GA	genetic algorithm
GBLUP	genomic best linear unbiased predictor
GP	Gaussian processes
GS	greed search
Hy-CNN	hybrid convolutional neural network
K2	K2 algorithm for Bayesian network structure
KNN	k-nearest neighbours
LDA	linear discriminant analysis
LightGBM	light gradient boosting machine
LR	logistic regression
LP	linear programming
J48	J48 decision tree
MCP	minmax concave penalty
ML	machine learning
MLP	multilayer perceptron
MLR	multiple linear regression
MOB	model-based recursive partitioning
MODAS	multi-omics data association studies
MODIS	moderate resolution imaging spectra radiometer
MOLO	multi-objective local optimization
NIR	near-infrared spectroscopy
NN	neural network
OLR	optimal linear regression
PC	Phenocentric
PLS	partial least squares regression
PLS-DA	partial least-squares discriminant analysis
PLSR	partial least squares regression
QDA	quadratic discriminant analysis
R2	determination coefficient
RF	random forest
RF-r	random forest regression
RMSE	root-mean-square error
RNN	recurrent neural network
ResNet	residual network
SA	simulated annealing
SNP	single nucleotide polymorphism
ST	Swin Transformer
SVM	support vector machine
SVR	support vector regression
TL	transfer learning
XGBoost	extreme gradient boosting