| FL | federated learning |
| LDP | local differential privacy |
| PLDP | personalized local differential privacy |
| PDPM | perturbation algorithm that satisfies personalized local differential privacy |
| AI | artificial intelligence |
| MI | machine learning |
| SMC | secure multi-party computation |
| HE | homomorphic encryption |
| DP | Differential privacy |
| GDP | global differential privacy |
| FedAvg | Federated Average Algorithm |
| SGD | stochastic gradient descent algorithm |
| PLDP-FL | Federated Learning with Personalized Local Differential Privacy |