AMH	anti-Müllerian hormone
AR	androgen receptor
BTB	blood testicular barrier
CAG	cytosine-adenine-guanine
CP	clinical pregnancy
cTESE	conventional TESE
DTB	diagnostic testicular biopsy
E2	estradiol
ECR	embryo cleavage rate
ETC	embryo transfer cycle
FNA	fine needle aspiration
FR	fertilization rate
FSH	Follicular stimulating hormone
GnRH	gonadotropin releasing hormone
HCG	human chorionic gonadotropin
HPG	Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad
ICSI	intracytoplasmic sperm injection
INSL3	insulin-like peptide-3
IR	implantation rate
KS	Klinefelter syndrome
LBDR	live birth delivery rate
LC	Leydig cells
LH	Luteinizing hormone
LHR	Luteinizing hormone receptor
mTESE	microsurgical testicular sperm extraction
MESA	microscopic epididymal sperm aspiration
NB	newborn
PAI	plasminogen activator inhibitor
PGT	preimplantation genetic testing
PESA	percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration
PND	prenatal diagnosis
PRL	prolactin
SC	Sertoli cell
SHBG	sex-hormone-binding globulin
SHOX	short-stature Homeobox containing gene on chromosome X
SRR	spermatozoa retrieval rate
SSR	successful spermatozoa recover
T	Testosterone
TESA	testicular sperm aspiration
TESE	testicular sperm extraction