Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants and PANAS mean scores.
| Factor | Intervention Group (n = 170) |
Control Group (n = 95) | Total (n = 265) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | Mean | N (%) | Mean | N (%) | Mean | ||
| Age | |||||||
| 16–24 | 144 (84.7) | 77.8 | 89 (93.6) | 68.9 | 233 (87.9) | 74.4 | |
| 25–34 | 17 (10) | 73.0 | 4 (4.2) | 82.5 | 21 (7.9) | 74.8 | |
| 35–44 | 9 (5.3) | 83.2 | 1 (1.1) | 65.0 | 10 (10.5) | 81.4 | |
| 45+ | 0 | - | 1 (1.1) | 70.0 | 1 (0.4) | 70.0 | |
| Gender | |||||||
| Male | 43 (25.3) | 77.1 | 52 (54.7) | 73.3 | 95 (35.8) | 75.0 | |
| Female | 125 (73.5) | 78.1 | 42 (44.2) | 64.3 | 167 (63.0) | 74.7 | |
| Non-identified | 2 (1.2) | 56.5 | 1 (1.1) | 83.0 | 3 (1.1) | 65.3 | |
| Student type | |||||||
| Domestic | 152 (89.4) | 77.8 | 91 (9.5) | 69.4 | 243 (91.7) | 74.6 | |
| International | 18 (10.6) | 76.2 | 4 (4.2) | 70.5 | 22 (8.3) | 75.1 | |
| Enrolment type | |||||||
| Undergraduate | 159 (93.5) | 77.9 | 88 (92.6) | 68.9 | 247 (93.2) | 74.7 | |
| Postgraduate | 11 (6.5) | 74.0 | 7 (7.4) | 75.6 | 18 (6.8) | 74.6 | |
| Year of study | |||||||
| First | 77 (45.3) | 77.4 | 44 (46.3) | 65.3 | 121 (45.7) | 73.0 | |
| Second | 37 (21.8) | 75.6 | 21 (22.1) | 71.7 | 58 (21.9) | 74.2 | |
| Third | 34 (20) | 77.8 | 19 (20) | 71.6 | 53 (20) | 75.6 | |
| Fourth | 19 (11.2) | 83.8 | 11 (11.6) | 77.7 | 30 (11.3) | 81.6 | |
| Other | 3 (1.8) | 67.7 | 0 | - | 3 (1.1) | 67.7 | |
| Surveyed campus | |||||||
| Campbelltown | 45 (26.5) | 77.3 | 40 (42.1) | 64.1 | 100 (37.7) | 71.1 | |
| Hawkesbury | 14 (8.2) | 77.8 | 1 (1.1) | 73.0 | 15 (5.7) | 77.5 | |
| Parramatta South | 80 (47) | 77.9 | 17 (17.9) | 64.9 | 105 (39.6) | 75.6 | |
| Penrith | 31 (18.2) | 77.4 | 37 (38.9) | 77.2 | 71 (26.8) | 77.3 | |
| Course groups | |||||||
| Business, computing, engineering, mathematics, law | 52 (30.6) | 78.8 | 37 (38.9) | 73.7 | 89 (33.6) | 76.7 | |
| Education, humanities, communication arts | 18 (10.6) | 78.3 | 4 (4.2) | 80.0 | 22 (8.3) | 78.6 | |
| Nursing, social sciences, psychology, medicine, health, science | 84 (49.4) | 76.9 | 44 (46.3) | 65.1 | 128 (48.3) | 72.8 | |
Note: Survey items were ordered as per original format. Items: “distressed”, “upset”, “guilty”, “scared”, “hostile”, “irritable”, “ashamed”, “nervous”, “jittery”, and “afraid” were reverse scored to calculate the total PANAS score.