Table 1.

Mental health indicators by gender and age.

	Gender				Age
	Female	Male	Diverse	Statistics	14–17 Years	18–20 Years	Statistics
N	477	122	17		439	177
Depression, %	72.7%	45.1%	94.1%	χ²(2;616) = 39.616;	66.5%	71.2%	χ²(1;616) = 1.262;
(n)	347	55	16	p < 0.001	292	126	p = 0.261
Anxiety, %	57.0%	35.2%	70.6%	χ²(2;616) = 20.106;	51.3%	62.7%	χ²(1;616) = 6.681;
(n)	279	45	12	p < 0.001	225	111	p = 0.010
Insomnia, %	33.5%	20.5%	41.2%	χ²(2;616) = 8.530;	28.7%	37.3%	χ²(1;616) = 4.335;
(n)	160	25	7	p = 0.014	126	66	p = 0.037
High Stress, %	43.4%	22.1%	64.7%	χ²(2;616) = 22.877;	40.3%	38.4%	χ²(1;616) = 0.190;
(n)	207	27	11	p < 0.001	177	68	p = 0.663
Disordered Eating, %	56.9%	32.2%	43.8%	χ²(2;608) = 23.869;	52.4%	47.5%	χ²(1;608) = 1.307;
(n)	268	39	7	p < 0.001	230	84	p = 0.235
Alcohol Abuse, %	16.8%	21.5%	11.8%	χ²(2;615) = 1.889;	16.2%	20.9%	χ²(1;615) = 1.918;
(n)	80	26	2	p = 0.389	71	37	p = 0.166

Note. Mental health indicators (depression, anxiety, insomnia, stress, disordered eating, alcohol abuse) were dichotomized (not clinically relevant; clinically relevant) according to established cut-offs. For depression (PHQ-9) a cut-off point ≥10 was used in participants aged 18 or older [31] to define clinically relevant depressive symptoms, whereas a cut-off ≥11 was used for adolescents aged between 14 and 17 [32]. For anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), cut-offs ≥11 in 14- to 17-year-old adolescents and ≥10 in 18- to 20-year-old adolescents were used [35,36]. Insomnia was considered if ISI scores were ≥15 [38]. High stress levels were defined by PSS-10 scores ≥27 [40]. Alcohol abuse (CAGE) [44] and disordered eating (SCOFF) [41] were defined as total scores ≥2.