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. 2023 Mar 27;51(4):36. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5239

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Metformin reverses pre-osteoblast apoptosis induced by oxidative stress by phosphorylating GSK-3β via the EGFR pathway. (A) The effect of metformin on the phosphorylation level of GSK-3β was detected at the protein level. (B) The KEGG pathway of differentially expressed genes in OVX vs. OVX + Met. The EGFR pathway has a lower P-value and better enrichment. OVX represents post-menopausal osteoporosis mice. (C) The expression and regulation of EGFR was examined using gene set enrichment analysis. (D) The phosphorylation level of EGFR was detected at the protein level. GSK-3β, glycogen synthase kinase 3β.