Table 2.
Cannabinoids/metabolites detected in maternal and child urine samples.
| Cannabinoid/ Metabolite |
Brief Description | Cannabinoid Detected in Maternal Urine | Cannabinoids Detected in Child Urine | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOQ ng/mL |
n (%) | Mean ± SD |
Min | Max | LOD ng/mL |
n (%) | Mean ± SD |
Min | Max | ||
| Δ9-THC | Most abundant cannabinoid | 0.2 | 3 (4%) | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 | - | - | - |
| 11OH-Δ9-THC | Primary metabolite of Δ9-THC | 0.8 | 0 | 1.6 | 0 | - | - | - | |||
| Δ9-THC-COOH | Secondary metabolite of Δ9-THC | 0.4 | 4 (5%) | 6.0 ± 7.8 | 0.7 | 17.6 | 0.8 | 0 | - | - | - |
| Δ9-THC-C-gluc | Glucuronidated Δ9-THC-COOH | 3.9 | 6 (7%) | 330 ± 300 | 100 | 669 | 7.8 | 0 | - | - | - |
| Δ9-THC-gluc | Glucuronidated Δ9-THC | 0.8 | 4 (5%) | 4.4 ± 5.2 | 0.8 | 12.0 | 1.6 | 0 | - | - | - |
| CBD | Second most abundant cannabinoid | 0.4 | 3 (4%) | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0 | - | - | - |
| CBD-COOH | Secondary metabolite of CBD | 0.8 | 0 | - | - | - | 1.6 | 1 (1%) | 1.9 | ||
| CBD-gluc | Glucuronidated CBD | 0.8 | 0 | - | - | - | 0.8 | 9 (11%) | 2.0 | 0.8 | 6.1 |
| CBC | Agonist of TRPA1 receptors | 0.4 | 0 | - | - | - | 0.8 | 0 | - | - | - |
| CBN | Mildly psychotropic | 0.8 | 0 | - | - | - | 1.6 | 0 | - | - | - |
| CBG | Antagonist of CB1 receptors | 0.4 | 1 (1%) | 0.2 | - | - | 0.8 | 0 | - | - | - |
| THCV | Partial agonist of CB2 receptors | 0.4 | 0 | - | - | - | 0.8 | 0 | - | - | - |
| CBDV | Homolog of CBD | 0.4 | 0 | - | - | - | 0.8 | 0 | - | - | - |