Table 4.
Antimicrobial activity of (E)-caryophyllene in mm.
| Microorganism | Inhibition Zone | Activity | Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gram-positive bacteria | |||
| Bacillus subtilis | 3.67 ± 0.58 | * | 35 ± 0.5 |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 5.33 ± 0.58 | ** | 34 ± 0.5 |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 5.67 ± 0.58 | ** | 33 ± 1.0 |
| Gram-negative bacteria | |||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 5.33 ± 1.00 | ** | 35 ± 1.0 |
| Salmonella enterica | 5.67 ± 0.58 | ** | 34 ± 2.0 |
| Yersinia enterocolitica | 6.67 ± 0.58 | ** | 34 ± 1.5 |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilm | 5.67 ± 0.58 | ** | 33 ± 1.0 |
| Yeasts | |||
| Candida albicans | 5.33 ± 0.58 | ** | 34 ± 2.0 |
| Candida glabrata | 5.33 ± 0.58 | ** | 31 ± 1.5 |
| Candida krusei | 7.67 ± 0.58 | ** | 33 ± 2.0 |
| Candida tropicalis | 5.67 ± 0.58 | ** | 33 ± 1.0 |
| Fungi | |||
| Aspergillus flavus | 5.33 ± 0.58 | ** | 28 ± 1.0 |
| Botrytis cinerae | 5.67 ± 0.58 | ** | 31 ± 1.0 |
| Penicillium citrinum | 5.67 ± 0.58 | ** | 28 ± 1.5 |
* Weak activity (zone 1–5 mm); ** Moderate activity (zone 5–10 mm); antibiotics used as a control: meropenem for bacteria, fluconazole for microscopic filamentous fungi.