Table 1.
The information included in the eligible studies regarding the characterisation of the population and association of MCT1 expression with prognosis.
| Reference | Collected Samples (Country) | Cancer Type | n | Age | Sex | Association of MCT1 Expression (Cancer Cells) with Prognosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| de Oliveira et al., 2012 [51] | Brazil and Portugal | Gastrointestinal stromal tumours | Brazil: 51 Portugal: 13 |
NR | NR | ↓DFS when ↑MCT1 + ↑CD147 |
| Choi et al., 2014 [74] | South Korea | Bladder cancer | 360 | Median: 69 y (range 23–97) |
M: 311 (86,4%) F: 49 (13,6%) |
↓OS ↓RFS |
| Eilertsen et al., 2014 [69] | Norway | Non-small cell lung cancer | 335 | ≤65 y: 156 (47%) >65 y: 179 (53%) |
M: 253 (76%) F: 82 (24%) |
↑OS ↑DSS |
| Pértega-Gomes et al., 2014 [57] |
Portugal | Prostate cancer | 480 | NR | M: 480 (100%) | No association |
| Pinheiro et al., 2014 [45] | Brazil | Soft tissue sarcoma | 85 | ≤51 y: 37 (43.5%) >51 y: 48 (56.5%) |
M: 52 (61.2%) F: 33 (38.8%) |
↓OS; MCT1 nuclear expression: ↑OS |
| Polanski et al., 2014 [35] | United Kingdom | Small cell lung cancer | 58 | Median: 61 y (range 35–83) |
M: 33 (57%) F: 25 (43%) |
↓OS |
| Zhao et al., 2014 [30] | China | Osteosarcoma | 61 | NR | NR | ↓OS |
| Afonso et al., 2015 [27] | Portugal | Bladder cancer | 114 | Median: 70 y (range 41–86) |
M: 94 (82.5%) F: 20 (17.5%) | ↓DFS + ↓OS when ↑MCT1 + ↑CD147 |
| Andersen et al., 2015 [56] | Norway | Prostate adenocarcinoma | 535 | ≤65 y: 357 (67%) >65 y: 178 (33.0%) |
M: 535 (100%) | ↓BFFS when stromal ↑MCT4 |
| Kim et al., 2015 [60] | South Korea | Renal cell carcinoma | 180 | Median: 58 y (range 25–83) |
M: 127 (70.6%) F: 53 (29.4%) |
↓PFS |
| Afonso et al., 2016 [76] | Portugal | Bladder cancer | 111 | Median: 70 y (range: 41–86) |
M: 91 (82%) F:20 (18%) | ↓OS in cisplatin treated-patients when ↑MCT1 CN + ↑MCT4 CH + ↑MCT4 S *1 |
| Martins et al., 2016 [59] | Portugal | Colorectal cancer | 500 | ≤45 y: 23 (4.6%) >45 y: 477 (95.4%) |
M: 314 (62.8%) F: 186 (37.2%) | ↑OS |
| Pinheiro et al., 2016 [41] | Brazil | Melanoma | 357 | Median: 58.3 y (range 25–83) | M: 174 (48.9%) F: 183 (51.1%) |
↓OS |
| Pinheiro et al., 2016 [50] | Brazil | Adrenocortical carcinoma | 78 | <40.6 y: 34 (43.6%) ≥40.6 y: 44 (56.4%) |
M: 17 (21.8%) F:61 (78.2%) | ↓OS |
| Sousa-Simões et al., 2016 [42] |
Brazil and Spain | Oral cavity cancer | Brazil: 90 Spain: 45 |
≤60 y: 69 (50.4%) >60 y: 66 (48.2%) |
M: 103 (75.2%) F: 32 (23.4%) |
↓OS when ↑MCT1 + ↑MCT4 + ↓MCT2 |
| Giatromanolaki et al., 2017 [70] | Greece | Non-small cell lung cancer | 98 | Median: 68 y (range 32–81) |
M: 86 (88%) F: 12 (12%) | No association |
| Johnson et al., 2017 [71] | United States | Breast cancer | 257 | Mean: 57.2 y (range 26.9–97.8) |
F: 257 (100%) | ↑RR, ↓PFS |
| Latif et al., 2017 [43] | United Kingdom | Endometrial cancer | 90 | Median: 67 y (range 57.7–74) |
F: 90 (100%) | ↓RFS, ↓CSS, ↓OS |
| Mikkilineni et al., 2017 [53] | United States | Hodgkin lymphoma | 22 | ≤40 y: 14 (64%) >40 y: 8 (36%) |
M: 13 (59%) F: 9 (41%) | ↓PFS for high metabolic heterogeneity group *2 |
| Sáenz-de-Santa-María et al., 2017 [54] | Spain | Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma | 249 | ≤58 y: 134 (53.8%) >58 y: 115 (46.2%) |
M: 240 (96.4%) F: 9 (3.6%) | No association |
| Wang et al., 2017 [67] | China | Gastric cancer | 85 | ≤50 y: 60 (70.6%) >50 y: 25 (24.7%) |
M: 52 (61.2%) F: 33 (38.8%) | ↓OS, ↓PFS |
| Cao et al., 2018 [61] | China | Renal cell carcinoma | 150 | Mean: 56.9 y (TT)/54.6 y (no TT) | M: 84 (56%) F: 66 (44%) |
↓OS, ↓PFS |
| Li et al., 2018 [72] | China | Breast cancer | 146 | ≤64 y: 80.8 (81.6%) >65 y: 28 (19.2%) |
F: 146 (100%) | ↓RFS |
| Roseweir et al., 2018 [58] | Scotland | Colorectal cancer | 150 | ≤65 y: 58 (39%) >65: 92 (61%) |
M: 83 (55%) F: 67 (45%) |
No association |
| Silva et al., 2018 [44] | Brazil | Testicular germ cell cancer | 149 | Mean: 32.3 y (range 18–73) |
M: 149 (100%) | No association |
| Zhang et al., 2018 [75] | China | Bladder cancer | 124 | Median: 65 y (range 30–88) |
M: 100 (80.6%) F: 24 (19.4%) |
↓OS |
| Afonso et al., 2019 [65] | Portugal | Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 104 | Median: 67 y (range 19–97) |
M: 54 (51.9%) F: 50 (48.1%) |
No association |
| Chen et al., 2019 [62] | China | Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma | 103 | ≤60 y: 46 (45%) >60 y: 57 (55%) |
M: 68 (66%) F: 35 (34%) |
↓OS, ↓PFS |
| Sukeda et al., 2019 [47] | China | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | 240 | <65 y: 86 (36%) ≥65 y: 154 (64%) |
M: 154 (64%) F: 86 (36%) |
↑OS, ↑PFS |
| Zheng et al., 2019 [63] | China | Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma | 86 | ≤60 y: 55 (64%) >60 y: 31 (36%) |
M: 60 (67.5%) F: 26 (32.5%) |
↓OS |
| Dell’Anno et al., 2020 [52] | United Kingdom | Malignant pleural mesothelioma | 135 | NR | M: 109 (80.7%) F: 26 (19.3%) | No association |
| Bonatelli et al., 2021 [55] | Brazil | Cancer of unknown primary origin | 118 | <59.5 y: 57 (48.3%) ≥59.5 y: 61 (51.7%) |
M: 55 (47%) F: 63 (53%) |
↓OS when ↑MCT1 + ↑CD147 |
| Eskuri et al., 2021 [66] | Finland | Gastric cancer | 560 | ≤69 y: 283 (49.5%) >69 y: 277 (50.5% |
M: 341 (60.9%) F:219 (39.1%) | No association |
| Leu et al., 2021 [46] | Germany | Head and neck cancer | 82 | Median: 56.4 y (range 20–88) |
M: 67 (81.7%) F: 15 (18.3%) |
↓OS , ↓PFS |
| Tong et al., 2021 [68] | Zhejiang | Non-small cell lung cancer | 100 | Median: 59 y (range 40–79) |
M: 74 (74%) F: 26 (26%) |
No association |
| Yokoo et al., 2021 [49] | Japan | Synovial sarcoma | 29 | ≤40 y: 17 (56.7%) >41 y: 12 (40%) |
M: 14 (46.7%) F: 15 (53.3%) | ↓OS |
| Hiltunen et al., 2022 [48] | Finland | Small bowel neuroendocrine cancer | 109 | Median: 66 y (range 56–72) |
M: 60 (55%) F: 49 (45%) |
No association |
| Sun et al., 2022 [73] | China | Breast cancer | 137 | <50 y: 43 (31.4%) ≥50 y: 94 (68.6%) |
F: 137 (100%) | ↓OS, ↓DFS |
| Zhao et al., 2022 [64] | China | Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 38 | ≤60 y: 22 (57.9%) >60 y: 16 (42.1%) |
M: 28 (73.7%) F: 10 (26.3%) |
↓OS, ↓PFS |
*1 Near significant associations; *2 High metabolic heterogeneity group, high expression levels of TOMM2 and MCT1 in cancer cells, and high MCT4 expression in macrophages. ↓, decreased; ↑, increased; BFFS, biochemical failure-free survival; CN, normoxic cancer cells; CH, hypoxic cancer cells; CSS, cancer-specific survival; DSS, disease-specific survival; F, female; M, male; n, patient number; NR, not reported; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; RFS, recurrence-free survival; RR, recurrence rate; S, stromal cells; TT, targeted therapy; y, years.