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. 2023 Mar 11;24(6):5388. doi: 10.3390/ijms24065388

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Effects of 10 and 50 µg/mL of marennine on cytokine release in astrocytes and microglial cells after 24 h and 48 h of treatment. Levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα and IL-10 release in the supernatant after treatment were measured by ELISA-assay. (A) After 24 h of treatment with 10 µg/mL. (B) After 48 h of treatment with 10 µg/mL. (C) After 24 h of treatment with 50 µg/mL. (D) After 48 h of treatment with 50 µg/mL. At 10 µg/mL, for 24 h IL-1β: vehicle n = 4, marennine n = 4; IL-6: vehicle n = 5, marennine n = 7; TNFα: vehicle n = 4, marennine n = 4; IL-10: vehicle n = 4, marennine n = 4. For 48 h IL-1β: vehicle n = 6, marennine n = 6; IL-6: vehicle n = 6, marennine n = 6; TNFα: vehicle n = 6, marennine n = 6; IL-10: vehicle n = 6, marennine n = 6. At 50 µg/mL, for 24 h IL-1β: vehicle n = 4, marennine n = 4; IL-6: vehicle n = 7, marennine n = 7; TNFα: vehicle n = 4, marennine n = 3; IL-10: vehicle n = 4, marennine n = 4. For 48 h IL-1β: vehicle n = 6, marennine n = 6; IL-6: vehicle n = 6, marennine n = 6; TNFα: vehicle n = 6, marennine n = 6; IL-10: vehicle n = 6, marennine n = 6. Values represent mean ± SEM. Significant differences from control are indicated: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001 using Mann–Whitney test.