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. 2023 Mar 15;10:1151359. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1151359

Figure 5.

Figure 5

The effect of acrolein scavengers on aberrant glycolysis and renal fibrosis in kidney tissues of HFD-STZ-induced DN mice. (A) Representative photomicrographs showing IHC staining of renal fibrosis markers, including collagen 1, α-SMA, and fibronectin in kidney tissues in the control group (n = 5), DN group (n = 5), DN+ acrolein scavenger group and acrolein scavenger group (n = 5). Bars = 50 μm. (B) Quantification of the collagen 1-, α-SMA-or fibronectin-positive area is shown. (C) Western blot analysis of HIF-1α, HXK2, E-cadherin, vimentin, collagen 1, fibronectin, or α-SMA in kidney tissues of the control group (n = 5), DN group (n = 5), DN+ acrolein scavenger group and acrolein scavenger group (n = 5). (D) Quantification of (C). (E) The mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and TGF-β in kidney tissues of the control group (n = 5), DN group (n = 5), DN+ acrolein scavenger group and acrolein scavenger group (n = 5). was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The values are presented as the mean ± SD. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to determine statistical significance, and two-tailed p values are shown. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared with the control group. #p < 0.05 compared with the DN group.