Figure 2.

Anti-tumor mechanism of action of oncolytic viruses in high-grade gliomas (HGG). Oncolytic Viral therapies include genetic modifications in the viruses. When administered intratumorally, the virus can infect normal and tumor cells but only replicates and lyse the tumor cells. Upon oncolysis, viral progenies are released that infect other tumor cells and release pro-immunogenic factors such as PAMPs, DAMPs, and tumor-associated antigens (TAA). Innate immune response triggers activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T-cells which leads to the induction of immunogenic cell death of tumor cells.