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Effect of wogonin on different stages of the PEDV life cycle in Vero cells. (A) Simplified schematic representation of PEDV life cycle. (B-F) PEDV-infected cells were treated with wogonin during (B) viral attachment, (C) internalization, (D) replication, (E) release, and (F) inactivation stage. PEDV replication was determined by RT-qPCR. Values represent mean ± SD for three independent experiments. Ns indicates no significance, *P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.
