. 2023 Mar 29;21(3):e07896. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7896

Table 14.

ABM of metabolic disorders (anaemia) in veal calves kept in small groups

ABM	Comments
Fatigue	Definition: Animals experiencing fatigue exhibit tachypnoea and exhaustion; exhaustion being defined as inability to stand up and reluctance to movement (adapted from EFSA AHAW Panel, 2020)). Sensitivity: Low. Fatigue may not be apparent in cases of disease, and chronic anaemia where physiological adaptations to low haemoglobin levels occurred. Specificity: Low. Fatigue may also be caused by disease conditions leading to general poor state.
Haemoglobin concentration	Definition: Concentration of haemoglobin in blood (g/L). Sensitivity: High. Specificity: High.

ABM

Comments

Fatigue

Definition: Animals experiencing fatigue exhibit tachypnoea and exhaustion; exhaustion being defined as inability to stand up and reluctance to movement (adapted from EFSA AHAW Panel, 2020)).

Sensitivity: Low. Fatigue may not be apparent in cases of disease, and chronic anaemia where physiological adaptations to low haemoglobin levels occurred.

Specificity: Low. Fatigue may also be caused by disease conditions leading to general poor state.

Haemoglobin concentration

Definition: Concentration of haemoglobin in blood (g/L).

Sensitivity: High.

Specificity: High.