Table A.2: Description of specific welfare consequences considered in this scientific opinion

Welfare consequence	Description
Restriction of movement	The animal experiences negative affective states such as pain, fear, discomfort and/or frustration due to the fact that it is unable to move freely or is unable to walk comfortably.
Resting problems	The animal experiences negative affective states such as discomfort, fatigue and/or frustration due to the inability to lie or rest comfortably (e.g. inability to perch or due to vibration during transport).
Group stress	The animal experiences stress and negative affective states such as pain, fear and/or frustration resulting from a high incidence of aggressive and other types of negative social interactions, often due to hierarchy formation and competition for resources or mates.
Handling stress	The animal experiences stress and negative affective states such as pain and/or fear resulting from handling by humans (e.g. moving animals between pens, loading/unloading).
Isolation stress	The animal experiences stress and negative affective states such as frustration and/or fear resulting from the absence of or from limited social contact with conspecifics.
Separation stress	The animal experiences stress and negative affective states such as fear and/or frustration resulting from separation from conspecifics.
Inability to perform comfort behaviour	The animal experiences negative affective states such as discomfort and/or frustration resulting from the thwarting of the motivation to maintain the function and integrity of the integument.
Inability to perform exploratory or foraging behaviour	The animal experiences stress and negative affective states such as frustration and/or boredom resulting from the thwarting of the motivation to investigate the environment or to seek for food (i.e. extrinsic and intrinsic exploration).
Inability to perform sucking behaviour	The animal experiences negative affective states such as frustration resulting from the thwarting of the motivation to suck from a teat.
Inability to chew and ruminate	The animal experiences negative affective states such as frustration resulting from the thwarting of the motivation to ingest sufficient amounts of effective fibres.
Inability to perform play behaviour	The animal experiences negative affective states such as frustration resulting from the thwarting of the motivation to engage in social/locomotory or object play.
Prolonged hunger	The animal experiences craving or urgent need for food or a specific nutrient, accompanied by an uneasy sensation (a negative affective state), and eventually leading to a weakened condition as metabolic requirements are not met.
Prolonged thirst	The animal experiences craving or urgent need for water, accompanied by an uneasy sensation (a negative affective state), and eventually leading to dehydration as metabolic requirements are not met.
Heat stress	The animal experiences stress and/or negative affective states such as discomfort and/or distress when exposed to a high effective temperature.
Cold stress	The animal experiences stress and/or negative affective states such as discomfort and/or distress when exposed to a low effective temperature.
Locomotion disorders (including lameness)	The animal experiences negative affective states such as pain, discomfort and/or distress due to impaired locomotion induced by e.g. bone, joint, skin or muscle damage.
Soft tissue lesions and wounds	The animal experiences negative affective states such as pain, discomfort and/or distress due to physical damage to the skin, the feather or underlying tissues, e.g. multiple scratches, open or scabbed wounds, bruises, ulcers or abscesses. This welfare consequence may result from negative social interactions such as aggression, tail‐biting, feather pecking or from damaging environmental features. It also includes intentional mutilations (e.g. beak trimming, de‐toeing, de‐horning, tail docking).
Bone lesions (incl. fractures and dislocations)	The animal experiences negative affective states such as pain, discomfort and/or distress due to fractures or dislocations of the bones (excluding those fractures leading to locomotory disorders).
Skin disorders (other than soft tissue lesions and integument damage)	The animal experiences negative affective states such as pain, discomfort and/or distress due to e.g. infections (e.g. dermatophytosis/ringworm, pseudomonosis, staphylococcosis, viral diseases), ectoparasites (e.g. mange or red mites), inflammation of the skin or sunburn.
Respiratory disorders	The animal experiences negative affective states such as discomfort, pain, air hunger and/or distress due to impaired function or lesion of the lungs or airways.
Eye disorders	The animal experiences negative affective states such as discomfort, pain and/or distress due irritation or lesion or lack of function of at least one eye.
Gastroenteric disorders	The animal experiences negative affective states such as inappetence, discomfort, pain and/or distress due to impaired function or lesion of the gastrointestinal tract resulting from for example nutritional deficiency, infectious, parasitic or toxigenic agents.
Metabolic disorders	The animal experiences negative affective states such as inappetence, weakness, fatigue, discomfort, pain and/or distress due to disturbed metabolism (e.g. acidosis and ketosis), deficiencies in several nutrients (e.g. anaemia) or induced by ectoparasites affecting metabolism (anaemia due to red mites) or poisoning.
Umbilical disorders and hernias	The animal experiences negative affective states such as discomfort and/or pain due to an inflammation of the navel or any type of hernias.
Soft tissue lesions and integument damage	The animal experiences negative affective states such as pain, discomfort and/or distress due to physical damage to the integument or underlying tissues, e.g. multiple scratches, open or scabbed wounds, bruises, ulcers, abscesses and feather or hair loss. This welfare consequence may result from negative social interactions such as aggression, tail‐biting or feather pecking, from handling or from damaging environmental features, or from mutilation practices (e.g. de‐horning, tail docking).