Table 1.
Main sociodemographic characteristics of the sample.
| HF Cases (N = 60) | Healthy Controls (N = 60) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 62 (51.8, 72) | 61 (52, 71) | 0.655 |
| Male sex | 46 (76.7%) | 46 (76.7%) | 1.000 |
| Race | 0.074 | ||
| Hispanic | 55 (91.7%) | 60 (100.0%) | |
| African-American | 4 (6.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| White | 1 (1.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Origin | 0.032 | ||
| Rural Area | 36 (57,9%) | 30(50%) | |
| Urban Area | 24 (42,1%) | 30(50%) | |
| T2DM | 12 (20.0%) | 9 (15.0%) | 0.471 |
| Hypertension | 35 (58.3%) | 24 (40.0%) | 0.045 |
| Dyslipidemia | 21 (35.0%) | 8 (13.3%) | 0.015 |
| Renal Disease | 16 (26.7%) | 5 (8.3%) | 0.008 |
| Obesity/Overweight | 29 (48.3%) | 37 (61.7%) | 0.142 |
| AMI | 26 (43.3%) | 2 (3.3%) | <0.001 |
| Years with HF | 4 (2, 7) | NA | |
| HF Stage | NA | ||
| A | 1 (1.7%) | - | |
| B | 49 (81.7%) | - | |
| C | 10 (16.7%) | - | |
| Hospitalized during the last year | 40 (66.7%) | 0 (0%) | NA |
| Physical activity | 43 (71.7%) | 42 (70.0%) | 0.841 |
| Minutes of exercise per day | 30 (0, 60) | 30 (0, 60) | 0.603 |
| Exercise days per week | 5 (0, 7) | 2 (0, 6) | 0.047 |
| Surgery during the last year | 46 (76.7%) | 38 (63.3%) | 0.111 |
| Toxic exposure during the last year | 16 (26.7%) | 21 (35.0%) | 0.323 |
| Allergies | 11 (18.3%) | 8 (13.3%) | 0.453 |
| Hemoglobin | 13.3 (12.2, 14.2) | - | NA |
| Leukocytes | 6.9 (5.6, 8.2) | - | NA |
| Platelets | 213 (178.5, 250.5) | - | NA |
| LVEF | 30 (20, 45) | - | NA |
| Garbage disposal | 52 (86.7%) | 60 (100.0%) | 0.003 |
| Sewage system | 51 (85.0%) | 60 (100.0%) | 0.002 |
| Traveling during the last year | 29 (48.3%) | 8 (13.3%) | <0.001 |
| AAV1 Seropositivity | 20 (33.3%) | 20 (33.3%) | 1.000 |
| AAV2 Seropositivity | 26 (43.3%) | 27 (45.0%) | 0.854 |
| AAV9 Seropositivity | 12 (20.0%) | 14 (23.3%) | 0.658 |
Abbreviations: T2DM: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; AMI: Acute Myocardial Infarction; HF: Heart Failure; LVEF: Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction. Variables without information in a group are labeled with a hyphen.