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. 2023 Feb 24;9(3):57. doi: 10.3390/jimaging9030057

Table 6.

Comparison of various aspects of LiDAR data in spray drift measurement.

LiDAR Type Analytical Method Features Results
Terrestrial Signal to noise
ratio
simulations		 LiDAR signal
backscatters
signal to noise
ratio		 LiDAR system measured mid-range spray drift with distance 2.4 m and temporal (100 ms at maximum pulse repetition frequency) resolution [45].
Terrestrial Linear
function		 Number of
drift drops		 For 34,959 m3.h−1 air flow rate:
The correlation coefficient ranged from 0.87 to 0.91 with conventional nozzle types.
The correlation coefficient ranged from 0.88 to 0.40 with air injection nozzle types.
For 27,507 m3.h−1 air flow rate:
The correlation coefficient ranged from 0.85 to 0.94 with conventional nozzle types.
The correlation coefficient ranged from 0.07 to 0.88 with air injection nozzle types.
For 6423 m3.h−1 air flow rate:
The correlation coefficient ranged from 0.93 to 0.98 with conventional nozzle types [46].
Terrestrial
(polarisation)		 Polarisation
LiDAR
methodology		 Volume
depolarisation
ratio;
particle
depolarisation
ratio		 The results show that particle depolarisation ratios due to field dust (0.220–0.268) and road dust (0.385) were higher than those caused by pesticide spray drift (0.028–0.043) or diesel exhaust (0.099) [47].