Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants.
| Variables | MAG-EPA (n = 65) | Placebo (n = 65) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Socio-demographic characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 0.13 1 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 64.34 (6.31) | 62.50 (7.36) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 65.0 (60.0–70.0) | 64.0 (58.0–67.0) | |
| BMI (Kg/m2), n (%) | 0.06 3 | ||
| <25 | 7 (10.77) | 16 (24.62) | |
| 25–29 | 34 (52.31) | 32 (49.23) | |
| >= 30 | 23 (35.38) | 15 (23.08) | |
| Missing | 1 (1.54) | 2 (3.08) | |
| Smoking status n (%) | 0.30 3 | ||
| Current | 4 (6.15) | 8 (12.31) | |
| Former | 34 (52.31) | 27 (41.54) | |
| Never | 26 (40.00) | 30 (46.15) | |
| Missing | 1 (1.54) | 0 (0) | |
| Education, n (%) | 0.42 3 | ||
| Secondary school or less | 24 (36.92) | 19 (29.23) | |
| Postsecondary diploma | 18 (27.69) | 25 (38.46) | |
| University degree | 21 (32.31) | 20 (30.77) | |
| Missing | 2 (3.08) | 1 (1.54) | |
| Physical activity n (%) | 0.74 3 | ||
| Active | 24 (36.92) | 27 (41.54) | |
| Inactive | 37 (56.92) | 37 (56.92) | |
| Missing | 4 (6.15) | 1 (1.54) | |
| Marital status n (%) | 0.84 3 | ||
| Married or common-law | 54 (83.08) | 54 (83.08) | |
| Single or not married | 10 (15.38) | 11 (16.92) | |
| Missing | 1 (1.54) | 0 (0) | |
| Medical characteristics | |||
| PSA (ng/mL) | 0.19 2 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 8.74 (9.33) | 6.64 (5.53) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 6.00 (4.40–8.70) | 5.70 (4.00–7.00) | |
| Grade group n (%) | 0.03 3 | ||
| 2 (3 + 4) | 31 (47.69) | 41 (63.08) | |
| 3 (4 + 3) | 17 (26.15) | 18 (27.69) | |
| >=4 (8 and 9) | 17 (26.15) | 6 (9.23) | |
| Cancer Stage n (%) | 0.17 3 | ||
| T2a or less | 52 (80.00) | 59 (90.77) | |
| T2b or T2c | 4 (6.15) | 3 (4.62) | |
| T3 or more | 9 (13.85) | 3 (4.62) | |
| NCCN risk, n (%) | 0.04 3 | ||
| Intermediate risk (2) | 45 (69.23) | 55 (84.62) | |
| High risk (3) | 20 (30.77) | 10 (15.38) | |
| Comorbidity index n (%) | 0.62 3 | ||
| 0 | 41 (63.08) | 39 (60.00) | |
| 1 | 10 (15.38) | 15 (23.08) | |
| ≥2 | 10 (15.38) | 11 (16.92) | |
| Missing | 4 (6.15) | 0 (0) | |
| RBC fatty acid profile (%) * | |||
| Total n3 | 0.98 1 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 7.40 (1.17) | 7.40 (1.02) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 7.25 (6.52–8.09) | 7.32 (6.74–7.96) | |
| LCn3 | 0.94 1 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 7.10 (1.16) | 7.11 (1.02) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 6.90 (6.25–7.75) | 7.05 (6.50–7.66) | |
| EPA | 0.03 2 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 0.73 (0.23) | 0.80 (0.25) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 0.65 (0.55–0.82) | 0.77 (0.62–0.89) | |
| DHA | 0.60 1 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 3.92 (0.96) | 3.83 (0.82) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 3.79 (3.25–4.61) | 3.73 (3.34–4.48) | |
| Total n6 | 0.49 1 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 26.44 (1.48) | 26.61 (1.39) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 26.69 (25.43–27.40) | 26.63 (25.69–27.50) | |
| n6/n3 ratio | 0.99 1 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 3.68 (0.71) | 3.68 (0.65) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 3.69 (3.20–4.26) | 3.61 (3.28–4.04) | |
| Quality of life characteristics | |||
| EPIC-26 | |||
| Urinary incontinence | 0.30 2 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 92.61 (13.30) | 93.76 (13.39) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 100.00 (91.75–100.00) | 100.00 (100.00–100.00) | |
| Missing n | 4 (6.15) | 3 (4.61) | |
| Urinary irritation | 0.17 1 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 83.97 (15.66) | 87.50 (12.75) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 87.50 (75.00–93.75) | 87.50 (81.25–100.00) | |
| Missing n | 3 (4.61) | 4 (6.15) | |
| Sexual | 0.26 1 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 62.45 (27.93) | 68.05 (27.75) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 58.33 (40.33–87.50) | 77.08 (48.66–87.50) | |
| Missing n | 2 (3.07) | 3 (4.61) | |
| Hormonal | 0.42 2 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 89.07 (16.06) | 89.19 (12.45) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 95.00 (80.00–100.00) | 90.00 (85.00–100.00) | |
| Missing n | 3 (4.61) | 3 (4.61) | |
| Bowel | 0.08 2 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 90.71 (13.40) | 93.88 (11.08) | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 95.83 (87.50–100.00) | 100 (91.66–100.00) | |
| Missing n | 4 (6.15) | 3 (4.61) | |
| IPSS | |||
| Mean (SD) | 8.70 (6.72) | 8.22 (5.98) | 0.59 1 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 7.00 (3.00–13.00) | 7.00 (4.00–11.00) | |
| Missing n | 1 (1.53) | 2 (3.07) |
Notes:p-values were obtained using 1 student t-test, 2 Wilcoxon test, or 3 chi-2 test. * Red blood cells fatty acid profile is expressed as a percentage of total fatty acids. SD: standard deviation; Q1: lower quartile; Q3: upper quartile; BMI: body mass index; PSA: prostate specific antigen; NCCN: National Comprehensive Cancer Network, RBC: red blood cells; n3: omega-3 fatty acids; n6: omega-6 fatty acids; LCn3: long-chain omega-3 fatty acids; EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; EPIC-26: The Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; IPSS: The International Prostate Symptom Score.