Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with KP pneumonia alone and KP-pneumonia/KP-BSI
| Characteristics | Total (n = 409) | KP pneumonia alone (n = 274) | KP-pneumonia/KP-BSI (n = 135) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median years (IQR) | 65 (54.5, 75) | 65 (56, 75) | 64 (51, 76) | P = 0.39 |
| Male sex | 301 (73.6%) | 193 (70.4%) | 109 (80.1%) | P = 0.04 |
| Co-morbidities (n, %) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 80 (19.6%) | 52 (18.9%) | 28 (20.7%) | P = 0.07 |
| Chronic cardiac insufficiency | 60 (14.7%) | 32 (11.7%) | 28 (20.7%) | P = 0.02 |
| COPD or Severe asthma | 43 (10.5%) | 31 (11.3%) | 12 (8.9%) | P = 0.45 |
| Chronic renal failure | 16 (3.9%) | 7 (2.6%) | 9 (6.7%) | P = 0.05 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 224 (54.5%) | 159 (57.8%) | 65 (47.8%) | P = 0.06 |
| Trauma | 67 (16.4%) | 40 (14.6%) | 27 (20%) | P = 0.17 |
| Immunosuppressive | 28 (6.8%) | 12 (4.4%) | 16 (11.9%) | P = 0.01 |
| Solid tumor | 44 (10.8%) | 33 (12%) | 11 (8.1%) | P = 0.23 |
| Previous treatment | ||||
| Blood transfusion | 88 (21.5%) | 31 (11.3%) | 57 (42.2%) | P < 0.01 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 299 (73.1%) | 175 (63.9%) | 124 (91.9%) | P < 0.01 |
| Surgery | 220 (53.8%) | 148 (54%) | 72 (53.3%) | P = 0.90 |
| Parenteral nutrition | 85 (20.8%) | 48 (17.5%) | 37 (27.4%) | P = 0.02 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 49 (12%) | 17 (6.2%) | 32 (23.7%) | P < 0.01 |
| Invasive devices | ||||
| Indwelling urinary catheter | 329 (80.6%) | 205 (74.8%) | 124 (92.5%) | P < 0.01 |
| central line catheter | 300 (73.3%) | 180 (65.7%) | 120 (88.9%) | P < 0.01 |
| Intraperitoneal drainage | 23 (5.6%) | 15 (5.5%) | 8 (5.9%) | P = 0.85 |
| SOFA score, median (IQR) | 6 (4,9) | 5 (3,8) | 8.5 (5,13) | P < 0.01 |
| APACHE II score, median (IQR) | 19 (13,25) | 17 (12,22) | 24.5 (18,30) | P < 0.01 |
| ACCI, median (IQR) | 3 (2,5) | 3 (2,5) | 3 (1.5,5) | P = 0.60 |
| Pitt Bacteremia Score, median (IQR) | 5 (2,7) | 4 (2,6) | 1 (0,3) | P < 0.01 |
| Hospitalization ward (n, %) | ||||
| ICU stay | 273 (66.4%) | 159 (57.8%) | 114 (83.8%) | P < 0.01 |
| Prior antibiotic use time | 1 (0,6) | 0 (0,3) | 5 (1,15) | P < 0.01 |
| Prior hospital stay, median days (IQR) | 3 (1,11) | 2 (1,7) | 7 (1,17.5) | P < 0.01 |
| Prior ICU stay, median days (IQR) | 1 (0,4) | 0 (0,2) | 3 (0,8) | P < 0.01 |
| Prior Mechanical ventilation, median days (IQR) | 2 (0,5) | 3 (0,4) | 2 (0,7) | P = 0.06 |
| Nosocomial infection (n, %) | 269 (65.5%) | 150 (54.5%) | 119 (87.5%) | P < 0.01 |
| ESBL-positive KP | 196 (47.9%) | 81 (29.6%) | 115 (85.2%) | P < 0.01 |
| Prior hospitalizeda | 144 (35.2%) | 81 (29.6%) | 63 (46.7%) | P < 0.01 |
| Prior mechanical ventilationa | 68 (16.6%) | 31 (11.3%) | 37 (27.4%) | P < 0.01 |
| Prior antibiotic exposurea | 141 (34.5%) | 80 (29.2%) | 61 (45.2%) | P < 0.01 |
Abbreviations: IQR Interquartile range, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, ACCI Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index, SOFA Sequential organ failure assessment, APACHE Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, ICU Intensive care unit, ESBL-positive KP klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing extended spectrum β-lactamase, KP Klebsiella pneumoniae, KP pneumonia /KP-BSI KP pneumonia secondary Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections
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