Figure 4.

(a) Microscopic photograph and diagram of the conducting network of Ag NWs and PU NFs (reprinted with permission from Ref. [58], Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.). (b) Microscopic photograph of Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS and its transparent nature (reprinted with permission from Ref. [59], Copyright 2015 Royal Society of Chemistry). (c) Graphene nanoink-fabricated patterns and their conductivity (reprinted with permission from Ref. [60], Copyright 2011 Springer Nature). (d) Structure of the carbon nanotube–propyl methacrylate–conductive-carbon back (CNT-PMPS-CCB), a demonstration of its stretchability, and its recovery rate under different stretchability conditions (reprinted with permission from Ref. [61], Copyright 2020 Elsevier Ltd.). (e) Diagram of Au nanomeshes, photographs of the conductor attached to the epidermis, and an SEM image (reprinted with permission from Ref. [62], Copyright 2017 Springer Nature). (f) Porous liquid metal in under a microscope and comparison of liquid leakage between the porous and nonporous liquid metal (reprinted with permission from Ref. [63], Copyright 2023 The American Association for the Advancement of Science). (g) MoO₂-enabled Hilbert serpentine pattern and its SEM image (reprinted with permission from Ref. [64], Copyright 2022 The American Association for the Advancement of Science).