Table 2.
Patient characteristics and the outcome of all‐cause death or readmission: results of the univariate analysis
| With endpoint events n = 270 | Without endpoint events n = 242 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 112 (41.5) | 105 (43.4) | 0.914 |
| Age, years | 76.1 ± 6.30 | 74.8 ± 6.63 | 0.027 |
| Smoking history | 73 (27.0) | 62 (25.6) | 0.515 |
| Drinking history | 52 (19.3) | 50 (20.7) | 0.551 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.5 ± 3.51 | 25.2 ± 3.29 | 0.581 |
| Manual worker | 96 (35.6) | 91 (37.6) | 0.691 |
| Married | 206 (76.3) | 175 (72.3) | 0.227 |
| Hypertension | 214 (79.3) | 186 (76.9) | 0.614 |
| Coronary artery disease | 157 (58.1) | 124 (51.2) | 0.192 |
| Atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter | 44 (16.3) | 31 (12.8) | 0.163 |
| Diabetes | 98 (36.3) | 74 (30.6) | 0.203 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 45 (16.7) | 28 (11.6) | 0.179 |
| History of stroke | 62 (23.0) | 56 (23.1) | 0.915 |
| Osteoporosis | 32 (11.9) | 27 (11.2) | 0.565 |
| Sleep apnoea–hypopnoea syndrome | 9 (3.3) | 4 (1.7) | 0.186 |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 16 (5.9) | 15 (6.2) | 0.525 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 147 (54.4) | 138 (57.0) | 0.306 |
| Cancer | 27 (10.0) | 18 (7.4) | 0.109 |
| History of surgery | 186 (68.9) | 152 (62.8) | 0.202 |
| Polypharmacy | 155 (57.4) | 112 (46.3) | 0.036 |
| Frail | 91 (33.7) | 52 (21.5) | 0.001 |
| Muscle weakness | 123 (45.6) | 88 (36.4) | 0.031 |
| Slow gait | 166 (61.5) | 83 (34.3) | 0.022 |
| Physical exhaustion | 140 (51.9) | 104 (43.0) | 0.037 |
| Low physical activity | 83 (30.7) | 53 (21.9) | 0.004 |
| Unintentional weight loss | 31 (11.5) | 28 (11.6) | 0.906 |
| BADL | 5.3 ± 1.18 | 5.5 ± 0.99 | 0.048 |
| IADL | 6.5 ± 2.35 | 6.7 ± 2.19 | <0.001 |
| Falls in the past year | 78 (28.9) | 63 (26.0) | 0.739 |
| AIS > 4 | 77 (28.5) | 66 (27.3) | 0.953 |
| MMSE < 24 | 100 (37.0) | 87 (36.0) | 0.897 |
| HADS ≥ 8 | 22 (8.1) | 12 (5.0) | 0.088 |
| NT‐proBNP, pg/mL | 172 (90.4,387) | 127 (65.2,292) | 0.083 |
| LVEF, % | 63.3 ± 4.37 | 63.5 ± 4.34 | 0.496 |
Values are shown as mean ± standard deviation, n (%), or median (interquartile range). Data were analysed through log‐rank test for categorical data and univariate Cox proportional hazard models for continuous data.
AIS, Athens Insomnia Scale; BADL, basic activities of daily living; BMI, body mass index; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MMSE, Mini‐Mental State Examination; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide.