Table 3.

Characteristics of included studies [25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35].

Author Year	Country	Population	N	Females %	Drop Outs	Dose PEA	Micronization	Manufacturer	Evaluated Pain Scale	COI
Andresen 2016 [27]	Denmark	Spinal cord injury	73	35.2	5/73 (6.8%)	600 mg 2×/d	um	Epitech Group SpA	NRS	Medication provided by Epitech
Cobellis 2011 [29]	Italy	Chronic pelvic pain	61	100	0/61 (0%)	400 mg 2×/d	m	n.r.	VAS	n.r.
Cremon 2017 [25]	Italy	Irritable bowel syndrome	54	50.0	0/54 (0%)	200 mg 2×/d	co-m	Epitech Group SpA	Likert scale	Funded by Company
Faig-Marti 2017 [30]	Spain	Carpal tunnel syndrome	68	60.7	7/68 (10.3%)	300 mg 2×/d	n.a.	Valpharma SpA	VAS	no
Marini 2012 [31]	Italy	Temporomandibular joint arthritis	24	33.3	n.a.	(300 mg + 600 mg)/d (1–7.d), (2× 300 mg)/d (8–14.d)	m	Epitech Group SpA	VAS	n.r.
Murina 2013 [32]	Italy	Vestibulodynia	20	100	0/20 (0%)	400 mg 2×/d	n.r.	n.r.	VAS	n.r.
Orefice 2016 [28]	Italy	Multiple sclerosis	29	51.7	n.a.	600 mg 1×/d	um	Epitech Group SpA	VAS	Medication provided by Epitech.
Ottaviani 2019 [33]	Italy	Burning mouth syndrome	35	82.9	6/35 (17.1%)	600 mg 2×/d	um	Epitech Group SpA	NRS	no
Pickering 2022 [34]	Australia	Diabetic neuropathic pain	70	44.3	4/70 (5.7%)	300 mg 2×/d	no	Gencor Pacific	NRS	no
Steels 2019 [26]	Australia	Knee osteoarthritis	111	53.2	11/111 (12.2%)	150 mg/300 mg 2×/d	no	Gencor Pacific	NRS	Funded by company
Tartaglia 2015 [35]	Italy	Dysmenorrhea	220	100	0/220 (0%)	400 mg 1×/d	n.r.	n.r.	VAS	no

COI: conflict of interest; co-m: co-micronized; m: micronized; n.r.: not reported; NRS: Numeric Rating Scale; PEA: palmitoylethanolamide; um: ultramicronized; VAS: Visual Analogue Scale.