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. 2023 Mar 14;15(3):944. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030944

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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RP4 inhibits invasion and migration of CRC cells and blocks angiogenesis of HUVECs. (A,B), The migration and invasion assays of HCT116, LoVo, and CT26 cells after RP4 treatment. The migration and invasion of cells were quantified by counting the number of migrating or invasive cells in five randomly chosen fields. (C), Tube formation activity of HUVECs cultured in varying concentrations of RP4. Tube formation abilities were measured via the average vessels length, total number of junctions, and junction density. (D), Western blot results of CRC cells treated with RP4. Data are expressed as mean ± S.D. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA (n = 3; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001). Representative images from three independent experiments are shown.