Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| Heart failure | Control | Total | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall, n | 95 | 60 | 155 | |
| Anthropometry | ||||
| Male, % | 74 | 47 | 63 | 0.001 |
| Age, y | 56.7 ± 12.1 | 59.1 ± 13.6 | 57.6 ± 12.7 | 0.069 |
| Cardiac measurements | ||||
| Cardiac index, L/min/m2 | 2.17 ± 0.62 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| EF, % | 28.95 ± 10.26 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| RA (M), mmHg | 7.87 ± 5.64 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| PA (M), mmHg | 27.64 ± 10.68 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| PA (sys), mmHg | 42.10 ± 14.63 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| PA (dia), mmHg | 17.93 ± 8.50 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| PCWP, mmHg | 18.71 ± 8.55 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| Cardiac MRI | ||||
| T1 relaxation time, msec | 1058 ± 74.16 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| T2 relaxation time, msec | 58.80 ± 10.90 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| Laboratory results | ||||
| Creatinine (serum), mg/dL | 1.22 ± 1.03 | 0.78 ± 0.15 | 1.04 ± 0.84 | <0.001 |
| Creatine kinase, U/L | 75.74 ± 58.17 | 84.85 ± 74.93 | 79.31 ± 65.17 | 0.0330 |
| Total protein, g/dL | 14.27 ± 75.87 | 7.39 ± 0.63 | 11.58 ± 59.12 | <0.001 |
| Total IgG, mg/dL | 955.0 ± 306.3 | 1139 ± 230.2 | 1028 ± 292.0 | <0.001 |
| Troponin, ng/L | 64.38 ± 59.14 | 3.64 ± 4.03 | 40.87 ± 54.97 | <0.001 |
| nt‐proBNP, pg/mL | 8075 ± 36 169 | 44.54 ± 34.01 | 4966 ± 28 529 | < 0.001 |
| IL‐6, pg/mL | 15.97 ± 44.89 | 1.71 ± 0.75 | 10.45 ± 35.76 | < 0.001 |
| Cystatin C, mg/L | 1.40 ± 0.81 | 0.80 ± 0.12 | 1.16 ± 0.70 | < 0.001 |
| CRP, mg/dL | 1.96 ± 5.94 | 0.19 ± 0.40 | 1.27 ± 4.72 | < 0.001 |
| Medication | ||||
| Beta‐blockers, % | 94 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| AT1‐receptor antagonists, % | 12 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
| Angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor, % | 24 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
Patient characteristics of the heart failure and the control group. Data given as mean ± SD, P calculated using unpaired t test or Mann–Whitney test.
CRP, C‐reactive protein; EF, ejection fraction; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IL‐6, interleukin 6; nt‐proBNP, n‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide; PA, pulmonary artery pressure; PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; RA, right atrial pressure.