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. 2023 Feb 1;10(2):1280–1293. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.14275

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© 2023 The Authors. ESC Heart Failure published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Cardiology.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Longitudinal titration patterns and dose trajectories over 6 months for patients treated with (A) angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and (B) beta‐blockers. Dose category distribution at 6 months by stratified groups of patients with vs. no prior heart failure (HF) hospitalization, inpatients vs. outpatients, and enrolment from New Zealand (NZ) vs. from Singapore (SG) for (C) ACEis/ARBs and (D) beta‐blockers. GRD, guideline‐recommended dose.