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. 2023 Feb 24;15(3):623. doi: 10.3390/v15030623

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Alterations in miRNA profile of THC-treated SIV-infected cART-naive RMs. (A) Volcano plot showing down-(blue) regulated and up-(red) regulated miRNAs in THC/SV EVs relative to VEH/SIV EVs at 1 MPI (left) and 5 MPI (right). Red circle indicates miRNAs suppressed by SIV infection miR-99a-5p. (B) Volcano plot showing down-(blue) regulated and miRNAs in THC/SIV ECs relative to SIV ECs at 1 MPI left) and 5 MPI (right). Black arrows indicate miRNAs shown to be significantly downregulated at both MPI and 5 MPI. (C) miRNA-target enrichment analysis showing top target genes by number of interactions for miR-99a-5p. (D) Visualization of miRNA-target interaction network for miR-9a-5p. The blue circles represent the miRNAs, while the target genes are represented by the yellow circles. Pathways are represented by blue lines. (E) Dot plot of functional enrichment analysis for target genes of miR-99a-5p. Color of dots represent adjusted p-values (FDR) and size of dots represents gene ratio (number of miRNA targets found enriched in each category/number of total genes associated to that category. (F) miRNAtarget enrichment analysis showing top target genes by number of interactions for the EC-associated miRNA (miR-5-3p) significantly downregulated at 1 MPI and 5 MPI. (G) Visualization of miRNA-target interaction network for miR-95-3p. The blue circles represent the miRNAs, while the target genes are represented by the yellow circles. Pathways are represented by blue lines. (H) Dot plot of functional enrichment analysis for target genes of miR-95-3p. Color of dots represent adjusted p-values (FDR) and size of dots represents gene ratio (number of miRNA targets found enriched in each category number of total genes associated with that category. (I) Venn diagram comparing significantly modulated miRNAs in the EVs and ECs at MPI and 5 MPI. Red circle indicates miRNA (miR-335-5p) that was found to be significantly downregulated at 5 MPI in both EVs and ECs. (J) Visualization of miRNAtarget interaction network for miR-335-5p. (K) Dot plot of functional enrichment analysis for miR-335-5p Color of dots represent adjusted p-values (FDR) and size of dots represents gene ratio (number of miRNA targets found enriched in each category number of total genes associated to that category.