Table 2.

Peptides regulating hormone metabolism.

Source	Peptides	Outcomes	Activities	Ref.
Marine Invertebrates
Mussel (Mytilus Edulis)	MCPs	attenuate the properties associated with cellular senescence; increase glutathione (GSH) level; recover mitochondrial transmembrane potential; improve the transcriptional activity of Prx1, NAMPT and SIRT1	anti-oxidant, anti-tumor	[64,65]
Purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus nudus)	SnP7, SnP10	reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and the expression of superoxide dismutase-3 (SOD-3) and heat shock protein-16.2 (HSP-16.2) in oxidation-damaged nematodes; induce DAF-16 nuclear translocation and the expression of stress-related genes, such as sod-3	anti-oxidant	[66]
Clam (Meretrix meretrix)	MmP4, MmP11, MmP19	promote nuclear translocation of the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor, a pivotal regulator of stress response and lifespan; induce the expression of superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD-3),	anti-oxidant	[67]
Arca subcrenata	D2-G1S-1, G2-G1S-2	exhibit potent DPPH • and ABTS •+ radical scavenging activities and ferric-reducing anti-oxidant ability; enhance the mean lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans and significantly improve age-associated physiological functions in the nematode; downregulate gene age-1 and upregulate stress-inducible genes	anti-oxidation, anti-aging	[68]
Marine Vertebrates
Fish roe	FRP	promote insulin secretion and cell viability; reduce apoptosis and intracellular ROS levels; increase the activity and content of anti-oxidant-related enzymes	Anti-oxidant	[69]