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. 2023 Mar 2;15(3):812. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030812

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Possible mechanisms of resistance to CRBN- and VHL-recruiting PROTACs based on in vivo studies of patients refractory to IMiDs and in vitro studies of PROTAC-resistant cancer cells (for references, see the main text). Abbreviations: CSN—COP9 signalosome, E2—ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, MDR1—multidrug resistance protein 1.