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. 2023 Mar 19;24(6):5847. doi: 10.3390/ijms24065847

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Disruption of MyoD phosphorylation diminishes palmitic acid (PA)-induced inhibition of Myh4 promoter activity. (a) Schema of the wild-type and mutant forms of MyoD expressed by each expression plasmid. (b–d) Myoblasts were seeded one day before transfection, then co-transfected with pGL-MHCIIb, pRL-SV40, and (b) pcDNA-MyoD-T/A, (c) pcDNA-MyoD-S/A, or (d) pcDNA-MyoD-S/A-2. After overnight incubation, the vehicle control (Con) or 400 μM PA (PA) was added to the medium for 24 h. Luciferase activity was measured and corrected to that of Renilla luciferase activity. Values are expressed as fold-change relative to the cells in the vehicle control transfected with pcDNA-MyoD. Each value used for normalization was arbitrarily set to 1. The bar graphs indicate the average (n = 5–6 per group). *** p < 0.001, versus each control. § p < 0.001, versus the vehicle control transfected with pcDNA-MyoD. Each circle in the graph represents an individual data point. ‡ significant interactions between groups (p < 0.05 by two-way ANOVA).